2 Peter 3

“THE SECOND EPISTLE OF PETER” Chapter ThreeO IN THIS CHAPTER

1. To be reminded that there will be scoffers of the promise of the Lord’s coming

2. To review the catastrophic events to occur when the Lord returns, and the promise of new heavens and a new earth

3. To note Peter’s estimation of Paul as a brother and his epistles as Scripture

4. To carefully consider the twofold admonition at the end of the epistle

SUMMARY In this final chapter Peter seeks to stir up his readers by reminding them to give heed to the words of the prophets and apostles of the Lord. Especially as it relates to promise of His coming, for in the last days scoffers will come who conveniently forget that the Word which tells of the judgment day by fire was also the same Word which brought about the destruction of the world by the flood. Any delay is not to be construed as slackness on the Lord’s part, for time means nothing to the Lord. Rather, delay is an indication of the Lord’s longsuffering, who does not want any to perish but for all to repent (2 Peter 3:1-9).

When the day of the Lord does come, it will be unexpected like a thief in the night. A mighty conflagration will dissolve the heavens and the earth with all its works. In anticipation of such things, Christians are to focus on holy conduct and godliness, looking for and hastening that day when God’s promise will be fulfilled of new heavens and a new earth in which righteousness dwells (2 Peter 3:10-13).

We should view the longsuffering of the Lord as opportunity for salvation, even as Paul wrote in his epistles of such things (though unlearned and unstable souls have twisted his words to their own destruction, just as they do the rest of the Scriptures). With admonitions to beware lest they fall, and to grow in the grace and knowledge of the Lord Jesus, Peter brings his second epistle to a close with a doxology to Christ (2 Peter 3:14-18).

OUTLINE I. THE WILL COME (2 Peter 3:1-9) A. THE WORDS SPOKEN BEFORE (2 Peter 3:1-4)1. Peter writes this second epistle to stir up his readers by way of reminder 2. To be mindful of the prophets’ words and the apostles' commandments 3. That scoffers will come in the last days, walking according to their own lusts a. Questioning the promise of the Lord’s coming b. Declaring that all things continue as they were since creation

B. THE WORLD WAS BEFORE (2 Peter 3:5-7)1. Which the scoffers willfully forget 2. That the world once perished being flooded with water 3. The same word that brought destruction by water now promises judgment by fire a. The heavens and the earth which now exists are reserved for fire b. When comes the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men

C. THE LORD’S AND (2 Peter 3:8-9)1. Do not forget that time means nothing to the Lord a. One day is as a thousand years b. A thousand years is as one day 2. The Lord is not slack concerning His promise, but longsuffering a. Not willing that any perish b. But that all should repent

II. THE DAY OF THE LORD WILL COME (2 Peter 3:10-18) A. WITH (2 Peter 3:10-12)1. The day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night 2. The heavens and the earth be dissolved a. The heavens will pass away with a great noise b. The elements will melt with fervent heat c. The earth and its works will be burned up d. The heavens will be dissolved being on fire 3. Since all these things will be dissolved… a. What manner of persons ought we to be in holy conduct and godliness? b. Looking for and hastening the coming of the day of God?

B. BY THOSE WHO ARE LOOKING (2 Peter 3:13-18)1. According to His promise, we look forward a. To new heavens and a new earth b. In which righteousness dwells 2. Looking forward to these things, we should be diligent a. To be found by Him in peace b. To be without spot and blameless 3. We thus consider the longsuffering of the Lord to be salvation a. Of which the beloved brother Paul has written, according to the wisdom given him b. In which are some things hard to understand, which the unstable and untaught twist to their own destruction 4. Knowing such things beforehand, we should beware and grow a. Beware lest we fall from our own steadfastness, led away with the error of the wicked b. Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ 5. To Him be the glory both now and forever. Amen.

REVIEW FOR THE CHAPTER

1. What are the main points of this chapter?- The scoffers will come (2 Peter 3:1-9)

• The day of the Lord will come (10-18)

2. How did Peter seek to stir up his readers’ minds? (2 Peter 3:1-2)- By reminding them of the words of the prophets and the commandments of the apostles

3. What would scoffers be saying in the last days? (2 Peter 3:3-4)- “Where is the promise of His coming?”

• “For since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of creation.”

4. What do they willfully forget? (2 Peter 3:5-6)- That by the Word of God the world was once destroyed by water

5. What does the Word of God say concerning the heavens and the earth? (2 Peter 3:7)- They are kept in store and reserved for fire until the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men

6. What should we be careful not to forget? (2 Peter 3:8)- That time is meaningless to the Lord

• With the Lord one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day

7. How will the day of the Lord come? (2 Peter 3:9)- As a thief in the night

8. What will happen when that day comes? (2 Peter 3:9)- The heavens will pass away with a great noise

• The elements will melt with fervent heat
• The earth and the works that are in it will be burned up

9. Since all these things will be dissolved, what should we do? (2 Peter 3:11-12)- Concern ourselves with holy conduct and godliness

• Look for and hasten the coming of the day of God

10. Again, what will happen to the heavens and the elements? (2 Peter 3:12)- The heavens will be dissolved being on fire

• The elements will melt with fervent heat

11. Despite such an end, what do we look for according to His promise? (2 Peter 3:13)- New heavens and a new earth in which righteousness dwells

12. Looking forward to such things, about what should we be diligent? (2 Peter 3:14)- To be found by Him in peace, without spot and blameless

13. How should we view the longsuffering of the Lord? (2 Peter 3:15)- Salvation

14. Who else wrote about such things? How? (2 Peter 3:15-16)- Our beloved brother Paul

• According to the wisdom given him

15. How does Peter describe the epistles of Paul? (2 Peter 3:16)- As speaking of these things

• In which are some things hard to understand

16. What do the untaught and unstable do with such writings of Paul? (2 Peter 3:16)- They twist them to their own destruction

17. In what category does Peter place the writings of Paul? (2 Peter 3 :)- As part of “the Scriptures”

18. Knowing such things beforehand, what warning does Peter give his readers? (2 Peter 3:17)- Beware lest you fall from your own steadfast, being led away with the error of the wicked

19. What final admonition does Peter give to his readers? (2 Peter 3:18)- Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ

2 Peter 3:1

2 Peter 3:12 Pe 3:1 ταυτηνG3778 THIS ηδηG2235 NOW, αγαπητοιG27 BELOVED, δευτερανG1208 A SECOND υμινG5213 TO YOU γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE επιστοληνG1992 EPISTLE, ενG1722 IN “BOTH” αιςG3739 WHICH διεγειρωG1326 [G5719] I STIR UP υμωνG5216 YOUR ενG1722 IN υπομνησειG5280 τηνG3588 PUTTING “YOU” IN ειλικρινηG1506 PURE διανοιανG1271 MIND, . second epistle: 2 Corinthians 13:2, 1 Peter 1:1, 1 Peter 1:2 I stir: 2 Peter 1:13-15, 2 Timothy 1:6 pure: Psalms 24:4, Psalms 73:1, Matthew 5:8, 1 Timothy 5:22, 1 Peter 1:22 way: 2 Peter 1:12 Deuteronomy 8:2 - remember Deuteronomy 11:18 - ye lay up John 20:30 - General John 21:17 - Feed Acts 2:42 - they Acts 11:16 - remembered Romans 15:15 - as Philippians 3:1 - To write Philippians 4:8 - are pure 1 Timothy 4:6 - thou put Titus 3:1 - Put Hebrews 2:1 - we should Revelation 3:3 - Remember2 Peter 3:1 In calling this his second epistle which he says he writes unto you, it shows that the persons he ad­dresses in 1 Peter 1:1 and 2 Peter 1:1 are the same brethren though he desig­nates them in different language. He is still calling attention to the motive in each epistle, namely, to stir up their memory. Pure minds denotes that their minds were sincerely inter­ested in the truth. Beloved (agapηtoi). With this vocative verbal (four times in this chapter), Peter “turns away from the Libertines and their victims” (Mayor). ——————————————————————————– This is now the second epistle that I write unto you (tautηn ηdη deuteran humin graphτ epistolηn). Literally, “This already a second epistle I am writing to you.” For ηdη see John 21:24. It is the predicate use of deuteran epistolηn in apposition with tautηn, not “this second epistle.” Reference apparently to 1 Peter. ——————————————————————————– And in both of them (en hais). “In which epistles.” ——————————————————————————– I stir up (diegeirτ). Present active indicative, perhaps conative, “I try to stir up.” See 2 Peter 1:13. ——————————————————————————– Mind (dianoian). Understanding (Plato) as in 1 Peter 1:13. ——————————————————————————– Sincere (eilikrinη).

Old adjective of doubtful etymology (supposed to be heilη, sunlight, and krinτ, to judge by it). Plato used it of ethical purity (psuchη eilikrinηs) as here and Philippians 1:10, the only N.T. examples. ——————————————————————————– By putting you in remembrance (en hupomnηsei). As in 2 Peter 1:13.

2 Peter 3:2

2 Peter 3:22 Pe 3:2 μνησθηναιG3415 [G5683] TO BE MINDFUL τωνG3588 OF THE προειρημενωνG4280 [G5772] SPOKEN BEFORE ρηματωνG4487 WORDS υποG5259 BY τωνG3588 THE αγιωνG40 HOLY προφητωνG4396 , καιG2532 AND τηςG3588 OF THE τωνG3588 THE αποστολωνG652 ημωνG2257 BY US εντοληςG1785 τουG3588 OF THE κυριουG2962 LORD καιG2532 AND σωτηροςG4990 SAVIOUR; . ye may: 2 Peter 1:19-21, Luke 1:70, Luke 24:27, Luke 24:44, Acts 3:18, Acts 3:24-26, Acts 10:43, Acts 28:23, 1 Peter 1:10-12, Revelation 19:10 and of: 2 Peter 3:15, 2 Peter 2:21, Ephesians 2:20, 1 John 4:6, Jude 1:17 Deuteronomy 8:2 - remember Deuteronomy 11:18 - ye lay up 2 Kings 4:9 - this is Psalms 89:19 - Then Zechariah 1:5 - General Matthew 28:20 - them Luke 6:13 - apostles John 20:30 - General Acts 1:2 - the apostles Acts 2:42 - they Acts 3:21 - holy Acts 10:22 - and to Acts 13:23 - raised Romans 15:15 - as 1 Corinthians 14:37 - let Ephesians 3:5 - as it 1 Thessalonians 2:13 - because 1 Timothy 4:6 - thou put 2 Timothy 1:10 - our Titus 1:4 - our Titus 3:1 - Put Hebrews 11:32 - the prophets Revelation 18:20 - and ye Revelation 22:6 - the holy2 Peter 3:2 The holy prophets refers to those of the Old Testament times and the apostles pertain to the New. The truthfulness of each is the same, be­cause the former “spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost or Spirit (2 Peter 1:21), and the latter spoke “as the Spirit gave them utterance” (Acts 2:4). The particular things in their sayings being considered were predictions of complainers that were to show up. Peter wishes his brethren not to be confused and hence he is reminding them about it. That ye should remember (mnηsthηnai). First aorist passive (deponent) infinitive of mimnηskτ, to remind. Purpose (indirect command) is here expressed by this infinitive. Imperative in Jude 1:17. ——————————————————————————– Spoken before (proeirηmenτn). Perfect passive participle of proeipon (defective verb). Genitive case rηmatτn after mnηsthηnai. ——————————————————————————– And the commandment (kai tηs entolηs).

Ablative case with hupo (agency). ——————————————————————————– Of the Lord and Saviour through your apostles (tτn apostolτn humτn tou kuriou kai sτtηros). Humτn (your) is correct, not hηmτn (our). But the several genitives complicate the sense. If dia (through) occurred before tτn apostolτn, it would be clear. It is held by some that Peter would not thus speak of the twelve apostles, including himself, and that the forger here allows the mask to slip, but Bigg rightly regards this a needless inference. The meaning is that they should remember the teaching of their apostles and not follow the Gnostic libertines

2 Peter 3:3

2 Peter 3:32 Pe 3:3 τουτοG5124 THIS πρωτονG4412 FIRST γινωσκοντεςG1097 [G5723] KNOWING, οτιG3754 THAT ελευσονταιG2064 [G5695] WILL COME επG1909 εσχατουG2078 AT THE CLOSE τωνG3588 OF THE ημερωνG2250 DAYS εμπαικταιG1703 MOCKERS, καταG2596 TO ταςG3588 ιδιαςG2398 αυτωνG846 THEIR OWN επιθυμιαςG1939 LUSTS πορευομενοιG4198 [G5740] WALKING, . that there: 1 Timothy 4:1, 1 Timothy 4:2, 2 Timothy 3:1, 1 John 2:18, Jude 1:18 scoffers: Proverbs 1:22, Proverbs 3:34, Proverbs 14:6, Isaiah 5:19, Isaiah 28:14, Isaiah 29:20, Hosea 7:5 walking: 2 Peter 2:10, 2 Corinthians 4:2, Jude 1:16, Jude 1:18 Deuteronomy 31:29 - the latter days Psalms 94:13 - until the pit Proverbs 9:12 - General Proverbs 14:25 - General Proverbs 19:29 - Judgments Ecclesiastes 7:25 - the reason Ecclesiastes 8:11 - sentence Isaiah 2:2 - in the last Isaiah 30:8 - the time to come Jeremiah 17:15 - General Ezekiel 12:22 - The days Daniel 2:28 - in the Micah 4:1 - in the last Malachi 2:17 - Where Matthew 24:48 - My Luke 20:7 - that John 3:19 - because Acts 2:17 - in Romans 2:4 - despisest 2 Corinthians 11:3 - so 2 Timothy 3:3 - incontinent 2 Timothy 3:13 - evil Hebrews 1:2 - these James 3:6 - a world James 4:1 - come they James 5:3 - the last 2 Peter 1:16 - we have 2 Peter 1:20 - Knowing2 Peter 3:3 Knowing this first. They had first-hand information because it came from inspired prophets and apos­tles. Last days. Some of the things to which Peter refers were being said at the time he was writing, for in verse 5 he speaks in the present tense when he says “arc ignorant.” Therefore the last days is a general reference to the Christian Dispensation. Scoffers means men who mock or make light of things they do not like but cannot refute. Robinson says the word was “spoken of impostors, false prophets, deceivers.” The motive of these objectors is re­vealed by the words walking after their own lusts.

It is a common prac­tice of men who do not wish to be dis­turbed in their sinful ways, to make light of any authorities that threaten their punishment. They would natu­rally take that attitude toward the second coming of Christ, because it was predicted that He would judge the world when he comes (Matthew 25:31-46; Acts 17:31). Knowing this first (touto prτton ginτskontes). Present active participle of ginτskτ. See 2 Peter 1:20 for this identical phrase. Nominative absolute here where accusative ginτskontas would be regular. Peter now takes up the parousia (2 Peter 1:16) after having discussed the dunamis of Christ. ——————————————————————————– In the last days (ep’ eschatτn tτn hηmerτn). “Upon the last of the days.” Jude 1:18 has it ep’ eschatou chronou (upon the last time). In 1 Peter 1:5 it is en kairτi eschatτi (in the last time), while 1 Peter 1:20 has ep’ eschatou tτn chronτn (upon the last of the times).

John has usually tηi eschatηi hηmerβi (on the last day, John 6:39-40). Here eschatτn is a predicate adjective like summus mons (the top of the mountain). ——————————————————————————– Mockers with mockery (empaigmonηi empaiktai). Note Peter’s play on words again, both from empaizτ (Matthew 2:16), to trifle with, and neither found elsewhere save empaiktηs in Jude 1:18; Isaiah 3:4 (playing like children).

2 Peter 3:4

2 Peter 3:42 Pe 3:4 καιG2532 AND λεγοντεςG3004 [G5723] SAYING, πουG4226 WHERE εστινG2076 [G5748] IS ηG3588 THE επαγγελιαG1860 PROMISE τηςG3588 παρουσιαςG3952 αυτουG846 αφG575 OF HIS COMING? ηςG3739 γαρG1063 FOR SINCE οιG3588 THE πατερεςG3962 FATHERS εκοιμηθησανG2837 [G5681] FELL ASLEEP, πανταG3956 ALL THINGS ουτωςG3779 THUS διαμενειG1265 [G5719] απG575 FROM “THE” αρχηςG746 κτισεωςG2937 OF “THE” . where: Genesis 19:14, Ecclesiastes 1:9, Ecclesiastes 8:11, Isaiah 5:18, Isaiah 5:19, Jeremiah 5:12, Jeremiah 5:13, Jeremiah 17:15, Ezekiel 12:22-27, Malachi 2:17, Matthew 24:28, Luke 12:45 from the beginning: Mark 13:19, Revelation 3:14 Exodus 32:1 - delayed Psalms 58:11 - verily he Proverbs 9:12 - General Ezekiel 11:3 - It is not Ezekiel 12:27 - for Amos 5:18 - desire Amos 6:3 - put Zephaniah 1:12 - The Lord Zephaniah 2:2 - the decree Matthew 24:27 - the coming Matthew 25:5 - the Mark 10:6 - the beginning 1 Corinthians 4:5 - until 1 Corinthians 15:6 - are 1 Thessalonians 4:13 - which are 2 Thessalonians 2:2 - nor by letter James 5:7 - unto 2 Peter 1:16 - we have 1 John 2:28 - at his2 Peter 3:4 Promise is from a word that is somewhat general and includes the idea of “announcement.” It is that feature of the term that was worrying the scoffers, because it was announced that when Jesus comes he will condemn the wicked. Where is the promise. What has become of this promise that was predicted? The fathers comes from a word with so various a meaning that the connection will need be con­sidered in each passage. One of the definitions of Thayer is, “The founder of a race or tribe, progenitor of a people, forefather.” This is the sense Peter uses and hence it refers to the patriarchs in the beginning, because he mentions the flood as coming after these fathers fell asleep. The scoffers asserted that since that happened there have been no interruptions into the course of things that were arranged in the creation. Their point is to pooh- pooh such “pessimism” as that any change will ever take place. Where is the promise of his coming? (pou estin hη epaggelia tηs parousias autou;). This is the only sample of the questions raised by these mockers. Peter had mentioned this subject of the parousia in 2 Peter 1:16. Now he faces it squarely. Peter, like Paul (1 Thessalonians 5:1-2; 2 Thessalonians 2:1-2), preached about the second coming (2 Peter 1:16; Acts 3:20-21), as Jesus himself did repeatedly (Matthew 24:34) and as the angels promised at the Ascension (Acts 1:11). Both Jesus and Paul (2 Thessalonians 2:1-2) were misunderstood on the subject of the time and the parables of Jesus urged readiness and forbade setting dates for his coming, though his language in Matthew 24:34 probably led some to believe that he would certainly come while they were alive. ——————————————————————————– From the day that (aph’ hηs). “From which day.” See Luke 7:45. ——————————————————————————– Fell asleep (ekoimηthηsan).

First aorist passive indicative of koimaτ, old verb, to put sleep, classic euphemism for death (John 11:11) like our cemetery (sleeping-place). ——————————————————————————– Continue (diamenei). Present active indicative of diamenτ, to remain through (Luke 1:22). In statu quo. ——————————————————————————– As they were (houtτs). “Thus.” ——————————————————————————– From the beginning of creation (ap’ archηs ktiseτs). Precisely so in Mark 10:6, which see.

2 Peter 3:5

2 Peter 3:52 Pe 3:5 λανθανειG2990 [G5719] γαρG1063 FOR IS HIDDEN FROM αυτουςG846 THEM τουτοG5124 THIS, “THEY” θελονταςG2309 [G5723] WILLING “IT”, οτιG3754 THAT ουρανοιG3772 HEAVENS ησανG2258 [G5713] WERE εκπαλαιG1597 OF OLD, καιG2532 AND γηG1093 AN EARTH εξG1537 OUT OF υδατοςG5204 WATER καιG2532 AND διG1223 IN υδατοςG5204 WATER συνεστωσαG4921 [G5761] , τωG3588 BY THE τουG3588 OF θεουG2316 GOD λογωG3056 WORD, . they willingly: Proverbs 17:16, John 3:19, John 3:20, Romans 1:28, 2 Thessalonians 2:10-12 by the word: Genesis 1:6, Genesis 1:9, Psalms 24:2, Psalms 33:6, Psalms 136:6, Hebrews 11:3 standing: Gr. consisting, Colossians 1:17 Genesis 1:1 - God 2 Chronicles 13:5 - Ought ye not Job 38:6 - Whereupon Psalms 104:6 - General Psalms 119:90 - thou hast Proverbs 9:18 - he Isaiah 1:3 - but Israel Isaiah 5:13 - because Amos 3:10 - they Matthew 24:39 - General 2 Peter 3:5 Willingly are ignorant be­cause it is recorded in the Scriptures, and these scoffers could have known about it had they wanted to know the truth. It was by the word of God that the “heavens and earth” were created (Genesis 1:1), and by which also the earth and water were separated from each other (Genesis 1:9-10). For this they wilfully forget (lanthanei gar autous touto thelontas). Literally, “for this escapes them being willing.” See this use of lanthanτ (old verb, to escape notice of, to be hidden from) in Acts 26:26. The present active participle thelontas (from thelτ, to wish) has almost an adverbial sense here. ——————————————————————————– Compacted (sunestτsa). See Paul’s sunestηken (Colossians 1:17) “consist.” Second perfect active (intransitive) participle of sunistηmi, feminine singular agreeing with gη (nearest to it) rather than with ouranoi (subject of ηsan imperfect plural). There is no need to make Peter mean the Jewish mystical “seven heavens” because of the plural which was used interchangeably with the singular (Matthew 5:9-10). ——————————————————————————– Out of water and amidst water (ex hudatos kai di’ hudatos). Out of the primeval watery chaos (Genesis 1:2), but it is not plain what is meant by di’ hudatos, which naturally means “by means of water,” though dia with the genitive is used for a condition or state (Hebrews 12:1).

The reference may be to Genesis 1:9, the gathering together of the waters. ——————————————————————————– By the word of God (tτi tou theou logτi). Instrumental case logτi, “by the fiat of God” (Genesis 1:3; Hebrews 11:3 rηmati theou).

2 Peter 3:6

2 Peter 3:62 Pe 3:6 διG1223 THROUGH ωνG3739 WHICH “WATERS” οG3588 THE τοτεG5119 THEN κοσμοςG2889 WORLD υδατιG5204 WITH WATER κατακλυσθειςG2626 [G5685] HAVING BEEN DELUGED απωλετοG622 [G5639] . . 2 Peter 2:5, Genesis 7:10-23, Genesis 9:15, Job 12:15, Matthew 24:38, Matthew 24:39, Luke 17:27 Genesis 6:13 - the earth Genesis 7:19 - and all the high hills Genesis 7:23 - and Noah Genesis 8:21 - as I Proverbs 21:12 - overthroweth Isaiah 28:17 - and the waters Nahum 1:8 - with Matthew 24:37 - General Luke 17:26 - as Hebrews 11:7 - warned2 Peter 3:6 World is from kosmos, which means the inhabitants of the earth, and that is the world that perished in the flood. The account of the flood is in the book that the scoffers did not deny being true, but their interest in lustful practices had kept them from learning about it. By which means (di’ hτn). The two waters above or the water and the word of God. Mayor against the MSS. reads di’ hou (singular) and refers it to logτi alone. ——————————————————————————– Being overshadowed (kataklustheis). First aorist passive participle of katakluzτ, old compound, here only in N.T., but see kataklusmos in 2 Peter 2:5. ——————————————————————————– With water (hudati). Instrumental case of hudτr. ——————————————————————————– Perished (apτleto). Second aorist middle indicative of apollumi.

2 Peter 3:7

2 Peter 3:72 Pe 3:7 οιG3588 δεG1161 BUT THE νυνG3568 NOW ουρανοιG3772 HEAVENS καιG2532 AND ηG3588 THE γηG1093 EARTH αυτουG846 BY HIS λογωG3056 WORD τεθησαυρισμενοιG2343 [G5772] UP εισινG1526 [G5748] ARE, πυριG4442 FOR FIRE τηρουμενοιG5083 [G5746] BEING KEPT ειςG1519 TO ημερανG2250 A DAY κρισεωςG2920 OF καιG2532 AND απωλειαςG684 τωνG3588 OF ασεβωνG765 UNGODLY ανθρωπωνG444 MEN. . the heavens: 2 Peter 3:10, Psalms 50:3, Psalms 102:26, Isaiah 51:6, Zephaniah 3:8, Matthew 24:35, Matthew 25:41, 2 Thessalonians 1:8, Revelation 20:11, Revelation 21:1 against: 2 Peter 2:9, Matthew 10:15, Matthew 11:22, Matthew 11:24, Matthew 12:36, Mark 6:11, 1 John 4:17 and perdition: Romans 2:5, Philippians 1:28, 2 Thessalonians 2:3, 1 Timothy 6:9, Revelation 17:8, Revelation 17:11 Genesis 6:13 - the earth Genesis 8:21 - as I Genesis 9:11 - neither shall all Job 14:12 - till the heavens Job 21:30 - the wicked Job 24:1 - seeing Psalms 114:4 - General Proverbs 21:12 - overthroweth Proverbs 27:12 - General Ecclesiastes 3:17 - for Ecclesiastes 11:9 - know Isaiah 1:28 - the destruction Isaiah 28:17 - and the waters Isaiah 34:4 - all the Jeremiah 44:22 - could Ezekiel 24:9 - I will Daniel 7:9 - his throne Joe 3:14 - for Nahum 1:5 - the earth Nahum 1:8 - with Zephaniah 1:15 - is Malachi 4:1 - the day Luke 21:22 - the days Luke 21:33 - General John 16:11 - judgment Acts 2:20 - sun Acts 17:31 - he hath appointed Romans 5:6 - ungodly 2 Thessalonians 1:9 - be Hebrews 1:11 - shall perish Hebrews 6:2 - eternal Hebrews 10:39 - unto 1 Peter 4:18 - where2 Peter 3:7 Heavens and earth are the same that are in verse 5 which were created by the word of God. After the people living on the earth were de­stroyed by the flood (except Noah and family), it left the heavens and earth still in existence and again was covered with inhabitants. The same word that created them is keeping them in store, being reserved against (until) the de­struction by fire. That will be done on the same day that the ungodly men will be judged and sent into perdition. The earth will be permitted to remain until the day of judgment because man is to live on it that long. That now are (nun). “The now heavens” over against “the then world” (ho tote kosmos 2 Peter 3:6). ——————————————————————————– By the same word (tτi autτi logτi). Instrumental case again referring to logτi in 2 Peter 3:6. ——————————————————————————– Have been stored up (tethηsaurismenoi eisin). Perfect passive indicative of thηsaurizτ, for which verb see Matthew 6:19; Luke 12:21. ——————————————————————————– For fire (puri). Dative case of pur, not with fire (instrumental case). The destruction of the world by fire is here pictured as in Joe 2:30-31; Psalms 50:3. ——————————————————————————– Being reserved (tηroumenoi). Present passive participle of tηreτ, for which see 2 Peter 2:4. ——————————————————————————– Against (eis).

Unto. As in 2 Peter 2:4; 2 Peter 2:9 and see 1 Peter 1:4 for the inheritance reserved for the saints of God.

2 Peter 3:8

2 Peter 3:82 Pe 3:8 ενG1520 δεG1161 τουτοG5124 BUT THIS ONE THING μηG3361 λανθανετωG2990 [G5720] LET NOT BE HIDDEN FROM υμαςG5209 YOU, αγαπητοιG27 BELOVED, οτιG3754 THAT μιαG3391 ONE ημεραG2250 DAY παραG3844 WITH “THE” κυριωG2962 LORD “IS” ωςG5613 AS χιλιαG5507 A ετηG2094 YEARS, καιG2532 AND χιλιαG5507 A ετηG2094 YEARS ωςG5613 AS ημεραG2250 DAY μιαG3391 ONE . be not: Romans 11:25, 1 Corinthians 10:1, 1 Corinthians 12:1 that one: Psalms 90:4 Genesis 15:16 - Amorites Deuteronomy 32:35 - the things Job 10:5 - General Job 24:1 - seeing Job 36:26 - neither Psalms 9:7 - But Psalms 39:5 - as nothing Psalms 94:15 - But Psalms 102:13 - the set Ecclesiastes 3:17 - for Isaiah 54:7 - a small Isaiah 60:22 - I the Lord Ezekiel 39:8 - this Luke 18:8 - he will Luke 18:22 - one Acts 3:19 - when Acts 7:17 - when Romans 4:17 - calleth Romans 9:22 - endured 1 Corinthians 7:29 - the time Philippians 3:13 - one Philippians 4:5 - The 1 Thessalonians 4:13 - I would Hebrews 10:37 - General Revelation 1:1 - which must Revelation 1:3 - for Revelation 12:12 - because Revelation 20:3 - the thousand Revelation 22:6 - which2 Peter 3:8 Having made his exposure of the scoffers and their wilful igno­rance, the apostle devotes the rest of the epistle to the good brethren. They have been advised against being misled by the false statements of the scoffers, yet they doubtless wished sincerely to have information concerning the seem­ing delay of the second coming of Christ. Peter will take up that matter and explain it for the sake of them and other readers of the epistle. One day is with the Lord as a thousand years. It should be noted the apostle does not say a day is as long as a thousand years with us for that would not be true. When the earth revolves once man has been given a day.

It must make such a revolution 365 times to give him one year and that must be multiplied a thousand times to amount to the period of the italicized state­ment. But with the Lord no such measurements are necessary for He inhabits eternity (or time, which is the same), and as there is no limit or end to it, He can prolong the earth’ s existence through hundreds of such revolutions as easily as through one. To man it seems like a drawn-out delay and hence the apostle gives the explanation herein. Forget not this one thing (hen touto mη lanthanetτ humas). Rather, “let not this one thing escape you.” For lanthanetτ (present active imperative of lanthanτ) see 2 Peter 3:5. The “one thing” (hen) is explained by the hoti (that) clause following. Peter applies the language of Psa 90:4 about the eternity of God and shortness of human life to “the impatience of human expectations” (Bigg) about the second coming of Christ. “The day of judgment is at hand (1 Peter 4:7). It may come tomorrow; but what is tomorrow? What does God mean by a day?

It may be a thousand years” (Bigg). Precisely the same argument applies to those who argue for a literal interpretation of the thousand years in Revelation 20:4-6. It may be a day or a day may be a thousand years. God’s clock (para kuriτi, beside the Lord) does not run by our timepieces. The scoffers scoff ignorantly.

2 Peter 3:9

2 Peter 3:92 Pe 3:9 ουG3756 βραδυνειG1019 [G5719] DOES NOT DELAY οG3588 THE κυριοςG2962 LORD τηςG3588 THE επαγγελιαςG1860 PROMISE, ωςG5613 AS τινεςG5100 SOME βραδυτηταG1022 DELAY ηγουνταιG2233 [G5736] ESTEEM, αλλαG235 BUT μακροθυμειG3114 [G5719] IS ειςG1519 TOWARDS ημαςG2248 US, μηG3361 NOT βουλομενοςG1014 [G5740] WILLING τιναςG5100 “FOR” ANY απολεσθαιG622 [G5641] TO PERISH, αλλαG235 BUT πανταςG3956 ALL ειςG1519 TO μετανοιανG3341 χωρησαιG5562 [G5658] TO COME . is not: Isaiah 46:13, Habakkuk 2:3, Luke 18:7, Luke 18:8, Hebrews 10:37 but is: 2 Peter 3:15, Exodus 34:6, Psalms 86:15, Isaiah 30:18, Romans 9:22, 1 Timothy 1:16, 1 Peter 3:20 not willing: Exodus 18:23, Exodus 32:32, Exodus 33:11 but that: Romans 2:4, 1 Timothy 2:4, Revelation 2:21 Genesis 15:16 - Amorites Deuteronomy 7:10 - slack 1 Kings 21:29 - I will not 2 Kings 17:13 - Turn ye Nehemiah 9:30 - many years Job 33:18 - keepeth Psalms 50:21 - I kept Isaiah 13:22 - her time Isaiah 42:14 - long time Jeremiah 8:6 - hearkened Jeremiah 36:3 - may be Ezekiel 18:23 - I any Ezekiel 18:32 - I have Ezekiel 33:11 - I have Daniel 4:29 - end Zephaniah 3:7 - Surely Matthew 3:2 - Repent Matthew 9:13 - but Matthew 18:14 - one Matthew 21:31 - did Luke 5:32 - General Luke 13:8 - let John 1:7 - that Acts 7:17 - when Romans 15:5 - the God 1 Corinthians 7:29 - the time Hebrews 10:25 - as ye 1 Peter 4:7 - the end Revelation 22:6 - which2 Peter 3:9 To be slack means to delay or be slow in doing something that has been promised or predicted. As some men count slackness. What would be regarded as tardiness by men does not apply to the Lord. That is, the seem­ing delay in bringing the earth to an end is not due to that cause as the scoffers implied. It is rather due to the longsuffering or patience that He is manifesting toward humanity. Not willing that any should perish.

This statement is another proof that no chance of being saved will be given after the earth is destroyed. If men are delievered from their sins at all, it must be before the end of the world or before their death. In contrast with perish the apostle sets the phrase come to repentance, which shows that all who do not repent will perish. Jesus taught the same truth in person as recorded in Luke 13:3; Luke 13:5. But the longsuffering of God is not endless; it was not in the days of Noah (Genesis 6:3; 1 Peter 3:20). When God in his infinite wisdom decides that His long- suffering has served its full purpose He will bring about the end. Is not slack concerning his promise (ou bradunei tηs epaggelias). Ablative case epaggelias after bradunei (present active indicative of bradunτ, from bradus, slow), old verb, to be slow in, to fall short of (like leipetai sophias in James 1:5), here and 1 Timothy 3:15 only in N.T. ——————————————————————————– Slackness (bradutηta). Old substantive from bradus (James 1:19), here only in N.T. God is not impotent nor unwilling to execute his promise. ——————————————————————————– To youward (eis humas). Pros rather than eis after makrothumei in 1 Thessalonians 5:14 and epi in James 5:7, etc. ——————————————————————————– Not wishing (mη boulomenos). Present middle participle of boulomai.

Some will perish (2 Peter 3:7), but that is not God’s desire. Any (tinas). Rather than “some” (tines) above. Accusative with the infinitive apolesthai (second aorist middle of apollumi. God wishes “all” (pantas) to come (chτrηsai first aorist active infinitive of chτreτ, old verb, to make room). See Acts 17:30; Romans 11:32; 1 Timothy 2:4; Hebrews 2:9 for God’s provision of grace for all who will repent.

2 Peter 3:10

2 Peter 3:102 Pe 3:10 ηξειG2240 [G5692] δεG1161 BUT SHALL COME ηG3588 THE ημεραG2250 DAY κυριουG2962 OF “THE” LORD ωςG5613 AS κλεπτηςG2812 A THIEF ενG1722 IN “THE” νυκτιG3571 NIGHT, ενG1722 IN ηG3739 WHICH οιG3588 THE ουρανοιG3772 HEAVENS ροιζηδονG4500 WITH RUSHING NOISE παρελευσονταιG3928 [G5695] SHALL PASS AWAY, στοιχειαG4747 δεG1161 AND “THE” καυσουμεναG2741 [G5746] BURNING WITH HEAT λυθησονταιG3089 [G5701] SHALL BE , καιG2532 AND γηG1093 “THE” EARTH καιG2532 AND ταG3588 THE ενG1722 IN αυτηG846 IT εργαG2041 WORKS κατακαησεταιG2618 [G5691] SHALL BE BURNT UP . the day: Isaiah 2:12, Joe 1:15, Joe 2:1, Joe 2:31, Joe 3:14, Malachi 4:5, 1 Corinthians 5:5, 2 Corinthians 1:14, Jude 1:6 as a: Matthew 24:42, Matthew 24:43, Luke 12:39, 1 Thessalonians 5:2, Revelation 3:3, Revelation 16:15 in the which: Psalms 102:26, Isaiah 51:6, Matthew 24:35, Mark 13:31, Romans 8:20, Hebrews 1:11, Hebrews 1:12, Revelation 20:11, Revelation 21:1 the elements: 2 Peter 3:12 melt: Psalms 46:6, Psalms 97:5, Amos 9:5, Amos 9:13, Nahum 1:5 the earth: 2 Peter 3:7 Genesis 6:13 - the earth Exodus 19:18 - in fire Deuteronomy 7:10 - slack Joshua 8:3 - by night Job 14:12 - till the heavens Job 26:11 - pillars Job 40:6 - out Psalms 18:9 - He bowed Psalms 46:2 - though Psalms 97:3 - General Psalms 104:5 - that it Proverbs 27:12 - General Ecclesiastes 1:4 - but Isaiah 2:19 - when he Isaiah 13:13 - the earth Isaiah 13:22 - her time Isaiah 24:6 - and few Isaiah 42:14 - long time Isaiah 54:10 - the mountains Isaiah 64:1 - that the Isaiah 66:15 - the Lord Jeremiah 51:25 - and will Ezekiel 13:5 - the day Daniel 4:29 - end Amos 5:18 - the day of the Lord is Micah 1:4 - the mountains Nahum 2:6 - dissolved Zephaniah 1:7 - for the day Zephaniah 3:8 - for all Matthew 5:18 - Till Matthew 24:29 - the powers Matthew 24:36 - General Matthew 25:6 - a cry Mark 13:24 - General Mark 13:32 - of Luke 6:48 - the flood Luke 16:17 - it Luke 17:24 - in Luke 21:25 - signs Luke 21:26 - for the Luke 21:34 - that day Acts 2:20 - sun 1 Corinthians 1:8 - the day 1 Corinthians 3:13 - the day 1 Corinthians 11:26 - till 1 Corinthians 15:52 - a moment 2 Corinthians 5:17 - old Philippians 1:6 - the day 1 Thessalonians 4:16 - the Lord 2 Thessalonians 1:8 - flaming Hebrews 12:27 - signifieth 1 Peter 1:7 - that Revelation 2:25 - till Revelation 6:14 - the heaven Revelation 21:4 - the former2 Peter 3:10 The Lord is nowhere com­pared to a thief, but the time of His coming is where the likeness is. That is because a thief makes no announce­ment of his approach but comes in by surprise, usually selecting the time of night for the event. There are three heavens spoken of in the Bible, the third one being the dwelling place of God (2 Corinthians 12:1-4), and of course that will never pass away. The other two are in the material universe, comprising the region of the atmos­phere for the first and that of the planets for the second. These shall pass away with a great noise. The italicized words come from one Greek word which Strong defines, “ Whiz­zingly, i. e., with a crash.” The origi­nal for elements is defined by Thayer as follows: “ The elements from which all things have come, the material causes of the universe.” These ma­terials will become liquefied by the in­tense heat that the Creator will send upon them. The earth is a part of the same material universe mentioned in the quoted definition, but it is given special mention because it is where man lives at the present, thus giving him serious warning of the fateful event. The day of the Lord (hηmera kuriou). So Peter in Acts 2:20 (from Joe 3:4) and Paul in 1 Thessalonians 5:2; 1 Thessalonians 5:4; 2 Thessalonians 2:2; 1 Corinthians 5:5; and day of Christ in Philippians 2:16 and day of God in 2 Peter 3:12 and day of judgment already in 2 Peter 2:9; 2 Peter 3:7. This great day will certainly come (hηxei). Future active of hηkτ, old verb, to arrive, but in God’s own time. ——————————————————————————– As a thief (hτs kleptηs). That is suddenly, without notice. This very metaphor Jesus had used (Luke 12:39; Matthew 24:43) and Paul after him (1 Thessalonians 5:2) and John will quote it also (Revelation 3:3; Revelation 16:15). ——————————————————————————– In the which (en hηi).

The day when the Lord comes. ——————————————————————————– Shall pass away (pareleusontai). Future middle of parerchomai, old verb, to pass by. ——————————————————————————– With a great noise (roizηdon).

Late and rare adverb (from roizeτ, roizos)— Lycophron, Nicander, here only in N.T., onomatopoetic, whizzing sound of rapid motion through the air like the flight of a bird, thunder, fierce flame. ——————————————————————————– The elements (ta stoicheia). Old word (from stoichos a row), in Plato in this sense, in other senses also in N.T. as the alphabet, ceremonial regulations (Hebrews 5:12; Galatians 4:3; Galatians 5:1; Colossians 2:8). ——————————————————————————– Shall be dissolved (luthηsetai). Future passive of luτ, to loosen, singular because stoicheia is neuter plural. ——————————————————————————– With fervent heat (kausoumena). Present passive participle of kausoτ, late verb (from kausos, usually medical term for fever) and nearly always employed for fever temperature. Mayor suggests a conflagration from internal heat. Bigg thinks it merely a vernacular (Doric) future for kausomena (from kaiτ, to burn). ——————————————————————————– Shall be burned up (katakaηsetai).

Repeated in 2 Peter 3:12. Second future passive of the compound verb katakaiτ, to burn down (up), according to A L.

But Aleph B K P read heurethηsetai (future passive of heuriskτ, to find) “shall be found.” There are various other readings here. The text seems corrupt.

2 Peter 3:11

2 Peter 3:112 Pe 3:11 τουτωνG5130 THESE THINGS ουνG3767 THEN παντωνG3956 ALL λυομενωνG3089 [G5746] BEING TO BE , ποταπουςG4217 WHAT KIND OF “PERSONS” δειG1163 [G5904] OUGHT υπαρχεινG5225 [G5721] TO BE υμαςG5209 YE ενG1722 IN αγιαιςG40 HOLY αναστροφαιςG391 CONDUCT καιG2532 AND ευσεβειαιςG2150 PIETYall these: 2 Peter 3:12, Psalms 75:3, Isaiah 14:31, Isaiah 24:19, Isaiah 34:4 what: Matthew 8:27, 1 Thessalonians 1:5, James 1:24 in all: Psalms 37:14, Psalms 50:23, 2 Corinthians 1:12, Philippians 1:27, Philippians 3:20, 1 Timothy 4:12, Hebrews 13:5, James 3:13, 1 Peter 1:15, 1 Peter 2:12 godliness: 2 Peter 1:3, 2 Peter 1:6, 1 Timothy 3:16, 1 Timothy 6:3, 1 Timothy 6:6, 1 Timothy 6:11 Genesis 9:11 - neither shall all Exodus 19:15 - Be ready Ecclesiastes 11:10 - remove Isaiah 16:5 - hasting Nahum 2:6 - dissolved Matthew 24:2 - There Matthew 24:43 - had Luke 1:17 - to make John 6:27 - the meat Romans 8:19 - expectation 2 Corinthians 5:1 - dissolved 2 Corinthians 5:8 - and willing Philippians 4:1 - Therefore 1 Timothy 2:10 - women 2 Timothy 3:10 - manner 2 Timothy 3:12 - live Titus 1:1 - after Titus 2:12 - live Hebrews 10:25 - as ye Hebrews 12:14 - and holiness Hebrews 12:15 - Looking Hebrews 12:27 - signifieth 1 Peter 3:2 - behold 2 Peter 3:11 All these things. The things of the material universe named in the preceding verse are all to be dissolved or melt. That will be the end of man’s existence on the earth and hence the end of his opportunity to prepare for the judgment. Such is the reason for the exhortation to be holy (righteous) in conversation (conduct) by living according to godliness; live as God has directed us to live. To be dissolved (luomenτn). Present passive participle (genitive absolute with toutτn pantτn, these things all) of luτ, either the futuristic present or the process of dissolution presented. ——————————————————————————– What manner of persons (potapous). Late qualitative interrogative pronoun for the older podapos as in Matthew 8:27, accusative case with dei huparchein agreeing with humβs (you). See 2 Peter 1:8 for huparchτ. ——————————————————————————– In all holy living and godliness (en hagiais anastrophais kai eusebeiais). “In holy behaviours and pieties” (Alford). Plural of neither word elsewhere in N.T., but a practical plural in pβsa anastrophη in 1 Peter 1:15.

2 Peter 3:12

2 Peter 3:122 Pe 3:12 προσδοκωνταςG4328 [G5723] καιG2532 AND σπευδονταςG4692 [G5723] τηνG3588 THE παρουσιανG3952 COMING τηςG3588 OF THE τουG3588 OF θεουG2316 GOD ημεραςG2250 DAY διG1223 BY REASON OF ηνG3739 WHICH “THE” ουρανοιG3772 HEAVENS, πυρουμενοιG4448 [G5746] BEING ON FIRE, λυθησονταιG3089 [G5701] SHALL BE , καιG2532 AND “THE” στοιχειαG4747 καυσουμεναG2741 [G5746] BURNING WITH HEAT τηκεταιG5080 [G5743] SHALL MELT? . Looking: 1 Corinthians 1:7, Titus 2:13, Jude 1:21 hasting unto the coming: or, hasting the coming, 2 Peter 3:10, 1 Corinthians 1:8, Philippians 1:6 the heavens: 2 Peter 3:10, Psalms 50:3, Isaiah 34:4, Revelation 6:13, Revelation 6:14 melt: 2 Peter 3:10, Isaiah 2:1-22, Isaiah 64:1-12, Micah 1:4 Exodus 19:15 - Be ready Psalms 96:13 - he cometh Psalms 102:13 - the set Isaiah 16:5 - hasting Isaiah 25:9 - Lo Matthew 25:1 - went Mark 13:24 - General Luke 12:40 - General 1 Corinthians 4:5 - until 1 Corinthians 5:5 - the day 2 Corinthians 5:8 - and willing Philippians 3:20 - we look 1 Thessalonians 1:10 - wait 2 Thessalonians 3:5 - and into Hebrews 9:28 - them 2 Peter 3:11 - all these Revelation 22:20 - Amen2 Peter 3:12 Hasting means “ to desire earnestly” for the coming of the day of God. And this notwithstanding the day will bring the dissolving of this earth on which we have lived and en­joyed the blessings of God. But this seeming contradiction in our attitude will be explained in the next verse. Looking for (prosdokτntas). Present active participle of prosdokaτ (Matthew 11:3) agreeing in case (accusative plural) with humβs. ——————————————————————————– Earnestly desiring (speudontas). Present active participle, accusative also, of speudτ, old verb, to hasten (like our speed) as in Luke 2:16, but it is sometimes transitive as here either (preferably so) to “hasten on the parousia” by holy living (cf. 1 Peter 2:12), with which idea compare Matthew 6:10; Acts 3:19-20, or to desire earnestly (Isaiah 16:5). ——————————————————————————– Being on fire (puroumenoi). Present passive participle of puroτ, old verb (from pur), same idea as in 2 Peter 3:10. ——————————————————————————– Shall melt (tηketai). Futuristic present passive indicative of tηkτ, old verb, to make liquid, here only in N.T. Hort suggests tηxetai (future middle), though Isaiah 34:4 has takηsontai (second future passive). The repetitions here make “an effective refrain” (Mayor).

2 Peter 3:13

2 Peter 3:132 Pe 3:13 καινουςG2537 NEW δεG1161 BUT ουρανουςG3772 HEAVENS καιG2532 AND γηνG1093 EARTH καινηνG2537 A NEW καταG2596 τοG3588 TO επαγγελμαG1862 PROMISE αυτουG846 HIS, προσδοκωμενG4328 [G5719] WE EXPECT, ενG1722 IN οιςG3739 WHICH δικαιοσυνηG1343 κατοικειG2730 [G5719] DWELLS . according: Isaiah 65:17, Isaiah 66:22, Revelation 21:1, Revelation 21:27 Psalms 5:4 - evil Psalms 25:13 - inherit Psalms 37:29 - General Psalms 119:89 - For ever Isaiah 26:2 - righteous Isaiah 35:8 - the unclean Isaiah 51:16 - plant Isaiah 54:14 - righteousness Isaiah 60:17 - brass Isaiah 60:21 - people Matthew 19:28 - in the regeneration Matthew 25:1 - went Romans 8:21 - Because Romans 13:11 - for now Galatians 3:22 - that 1 Thessalonians 4:17 - and so Hebrews 2:5 - the world Hebrews 13:14 - General 2 Peter 3:13 The promise referred to is in Matthew 5:5 where the meek are promised to inherit the earth. The future state of the saved will be spiri­tual, hence the only way man can be given a foresight of it is by likening it to what he understands and enjoys while living in a material home. The present abode is on the earth with its two heavens, the atmosphere and starry region. Genesis 1:14-16 says the planets were made to give light upon the earth, hence it is proper to mention those heavens in connection with the earth when referring to the home of man­kind. But while the form of language is based upon man’s present abode, in reality his eternal home will be spiri­tual and one w’ herein shall dwell righteousness. Promise (epaggelma). As in 2 Peter 1:4. The reference is to Isaiah 65:17-18; Isaiah 66:22. See also Revelation 21:1. For kainos (new) see note on Matthew 26:29. For the expectant attitude in prosdokτmen (we look for) repeated from 2 Peter 3:12 and again in 2 Peter 3:14, see apekdechometha (we eagerly look for) in Philippians 3:20. ——————————————————————————– Wherein (en hois). The new heavens and earth. ——————————————————————————– Dwelleth (katoikei). Has its home (oikos). Certainly “righteousness” (dikaiosunη) is not at home in this present world either in individuals, families, or nations.

2 Peter 3:14

2 Peter 3:142 Pe 3:14 διοG1352 , αγαπητοιG27 BELOVED, ταυταG5023 THESE THINGS προσδοκωντεςG4328 [G5723] σπουδασατεG4704 [G5657] BE ασπιλοιG784 WITHOUT SPOT καιG2532 AND αμωμητοιG298 αυτωG846 BY HIM ευρεθηναιG2147 [G5683] TO BE FOUND ενG1722 IN ειρηνηG1515 PEACE . seeing: Philippians 3:20, Hebrews 9:28 be diligent: 2 Peter 1:5-10, 1 John 3:3 in peace: Matthew 24:26, Luke 2:29, Luke 12:43, 1 Corinthians 1:8, 1 Corinthians 15:58, Philippians 1:10, 1 Thessalonians 3:13, 1 Thessalonians 5:23 Numbers 19:20 - shall not Deuteronomy 6:17 - General 1 Chronicles 16:33 - because Son 4:7 - General Matthew 25:7 - General Luke 1:6 - blameless Luke 12:37 - Blessed Luke 21:34 - that day Luke 22:32 - strengthen Acts 13:43 - persuaded 2 Corinthians 5:9 - we labour Ephesians 1:4 - without Ephesians 5:27 - not Philippians 1:27 - let Philippians 2:15 - blameless Colossians 1:22 - to 1 Thessalonians 1:10 - wait 1 Timothy 6:14 - without 2 Timothy 2:15 - Study 2 Timothy 2:19 - depart Hebrews 6:11 - we desire Hebrews 10:25 - as ye Hebrews 11:6 - diligently Hebrews 12:15 - Looking Hebrews 13:14 - General2 Peter 3:14 With such a prospect as this it should be an incentive for us to live in view of it. To do so we should be diligent (thoughtfully active) and maintain ourselves in the peace that is according to the wisdom from above (James 3:17). Since that wis­dom is pure (unmixed) it will make those without spot who follow it. Wherefore (dio). As in 2 Peter 1:10; 2 Peter 1:12. ——————————————————————————– Give diligence (spoudasate). As in 2 Peter 1:10. ——————————————————————————– That ye may be found (heurethηnai). First aorist passive infinitive (cf. heurethηsetai in 2 Peter 3:10). For this use of heuriskτ about the end see 2 Corinthians 5:3; Philippians 3:9; 1 Peter 1:7. ——————————————————————————– Without spot and blameless (aspiloi kai amτmηtoi). Predicate nominative after heurethηnai. See 2 Peter 2:13 for position words spiloi kai mτmoi and 1 Peter 1:19 for amτmos (so Jude 1:24) kai aspilos (so James 1:27). Amτmηtos (old verbal of mτmaomai) only here in N.T. save some MSS. in Philippians 2:15.

2 Peter 3:15

2 Peter 3:152 Pe 3:15 καιG2532 AND τηνG3588 THE τουG3588 κυριουG2962 ημωνG2257 OF OUR LORD μακροθυμιανG3115 , σωτηριανG4991 ηγεισθεG2233 [G5737] ESTEEM YE; καθωςG2531 AS καιG2532 οG3588 ALSO αγαπητοςG27 BELOVED ημωνG2257 OUR αδελφοςG80 BROTHER παυλοςG3972 PAUL καταG2596 TO τηνG3588 THE αυτωG846 TO HIM δοθεισανG1325 [G5685] GIVEN σοφιανG4678 WISDOM εγραψενG1125 [G5656] WROTE υμινG5213 TO YOU, . account: 2 Peter 3:9, Romans 2:4, 1 Timothy 1:16, 1 Peter 3:20 our beloved: Acts 15:25 according: Exodus 31:3, Exodus 31:6, Exodus 35:31, Exodus 35:35, 1 Kings 3:12, 1 Kings 3:28, 1 Kings 4:29, Ezra 7:25, Proverbs 2:6, Proverbs 2:7, Ecclesiastes 2:26, Daniel 2:20, Daniel 2:21, Luke 21:15, Acts 7:10, 1 Corinthians 2:13, 1 Corinthians 12:8, James 1:5, James 3:17 Job 24:12 - yet God Job 33:18 - keepeth Proverbs 9:8 - rebuke Proverbs 28:23 - General Isaiah 30:18 - wait Isaiah 42:14 - long time Jeremiah 50:20 - and there Daniel 4:29 - end Daniel 12:3 - they that be John 8:11 - go John 12:47 - for Romans 9:22 - endured Romans 15:5 - the God Romans 15:15 - because 1 Corinthians 7:40 - I think 2 Corinthians 11:6 - not Galatians 2:7 - when Ephesians 6:21 - beloved Colossians 1:28 - in all 2 Peter 3:2 - and of Rev 2:21 - space2 Peter 3:15 Longsuffering is salvation is the same as mentioned in verse 9, hence Christians should not fret over the seeming delay of His coming. Peter says that Paul wrote to these people on the same matters as the present epistle. Peter wrote both of his epistles to the same brethren for he calls this one the second one he had written to them (verse 1). In the first epistle he mentions brethren in Galatia and Asia, and we know that Paul wrote to brethren in those same regions (Gala­tians and Ephesians). Peter says that Paul wrote according to the wisdom given unto him. This refers to his in­spiration for he tells us himself that his preaching was “ In demonstration of the Spirit and of power” (1 Corinthians 2:4). In his sight (autτi). Ethical dative. Referring to Christ. ——————————————————————————– Is salvation (sτtηrian). Predicate accusative after hηgeisthe in apposition with makrothumian (long-suffering), an opportunity for repentance (cf. 1 Peter 3:20). The Lord here is Christ. ——————————————————————————– Our beloved brother Paul (ho agapηtos adelphos Paulos). Paul applies the verbal agapηtos (beloved) to Epaphras (Colossians 1:7), Onesimus (Colossians 4:9; Philemon 1:16), to Tychicus (Colossians 4:7; Ephes. 6:21), and to four brethren in Romans 16 (Epainetus Romans 16:5, Ampliatus Romans 16:8, Stachys Romans 16:9, Persis Romans 16:12).

It is not surprising for Peter to use it of Paul in view of Gal 2:9-10, in spite of Gal 2:11-14. ——————————————————————————– Given to him (dotheisan autτi). First aorist passive participle of didτmi with dative case. Peter claimed wisdom for himself, but recognises that Paul had the gift also. His language here may have caution in it as well as commendation. “St. Peter speaks of him with affection and respect, yet maintains the right to criticise” (Bigg).

2 Peter 3:16

2 Peter 3:162 Pe 3:16 ωςG5613 AS καιG2532 ALSO ενG1722 IN πασαιςG3956 ταιςG3588 ALL “HIS” επιστολαιςG1992 , λαλωνG2980 [G5723] ενG1722 IN αυταιςG846 THEM περιG4012 τουτωνG5130 THESE THINGS, ενG1722 AMONG οιςG3739 WHICH εστινG2076 [G5748] ARE HARD δυσνοηταG1425 TO BE τιναG5100 SOME THINGS, αG3739 WHICH οιG3588 THE αμαθειςG261 καιG2532 AND αστηρικτοιG793 στρεβλουσινG4761 [G5719] WREST, ωςG5613 AS καιG2532 ALSO ταςG3588 THE λοιπαςG3062 OTHER γραφαςG1124 , προςG4314 TO τηνG3588 ιδιανG2398 αυτωνG846 THEIR OWN απωλειανG684 . . in all: 1 Peter 1:1 speaking: Romans 8:1-39, 1 Corinthians 15:1-58, 1 Thessalonians 4:1 - 1 Th 5:28, 2 Kings 1:1-18 hard: 1 Kings 10:1, Hebrews 5:11 unstable: 2 Peter 2:14, Genesis 49:4, 2 Timothy 3:5-7, James 1:8 wrest: Exodus 23:2, Exodus 23:6, Deuteronomy 16:19, Psalms 56:5, Habakkuk 1:4 the other: Jeremiah 23:36, Matthew 15:3, Matthew 15:6, Matthew 22:29 unto their own: 2 Peter 2:1, Philippians 3:19, 1 Peter 2:8, Jude 1:4 Proverbs 1:6 - dark Proverbs 9:8 - rebuke Proverbs 9:12 - General Proverbs 11:9 - through Proverbs 28:23 - General Isaiah 28:13 - that John 6:60 - This 1 Corinthians 7:40 - I think 2 Corinthians 11:6 - not 1 Timothy 5:15 - General 2 Timothy 3:15 - the holy 1 Peter 2:6 - it2 Peter 3:16 Peter here makes a more general reference to the epistles of Paul, and says that in all of them he speaks of the same things that the present letter treats. This shows that Peter was familiar with the Pauline writings and that he had great respect for them. Since both apostles wrote about so many items that pertain to the king­dom of God, it would be unnecessary to try pointing out which Peter means by these things. All of the words hard to be understood are from the one Greek word dusnoetos, which Thayer defines with the same four words. Robinson defines it, “ difficult of percep­tion.” We should note it does not say that it is impossible to understand them, hence the expression does not contradict the general idea of the sim­plicity of the Gospel. Moreover, it merely says there are some things like this, which would not be surprising in documents that have to do with per­formances of both God and man and of both bad men and Satan.

Besides, the only ones who had any serious trouble were those who were unlearned (uninformed) and unstable (unsettled in their convictions). But even these are not to be excused for they could do better, since they wrest (twist) the scriptures which means to force them out of their obvious meaning. And since they wilfully misuse the sacred writings Peter says it will be unto their own destruction. As also in all his epistles (hτs kai en pasais epistolais). We do not know to how many Peter here refers. There is no difficulty in supposing that Peter “received every one of St. Paul’s Epistles within a month or two of its publication” (Bigg). And yet Peter does not here assert the formation of a canon of Paul’s Epistles. ——————————————————————————- Speaking in them of these things (lalτn en autais peri toutτn). Present active participle of laleτ. That is to say, Paul also wrote about the second coming of Christ, as is obviously true. ——————————————————————————– Hard to be understood (dusnoηta). Late verbal from dus and noeτ (in Aristotle, Lucian, Diog.

Laert.), here only in N.T. We know that the Thessalonians persisted in misrepresenting Paul on this very subject of the second coming as Hymenaeus and Philetus did about the resurrection (2 Timothy 2:17) and Spitta holds that Paul’s teaching about grace was twisted to mean moral laxity like Galatians 3:10; Romans 3:20; Romans 3:28; Romans 5:20 (with which cf. 2 Peter 6:1 as a case in point), etc. Peter does not say that he himself did not understand Paul on the subject of faith and freedom. ——————————————————————————– Unlearned (amatheis). Old word (alpha privative and manthanτ to learn), ignorant, here only in N.T. ——————————————————————————– Unsteadfast (astηriktoi). See note on §2 Peter 2:14. ——————————————————————————– Wrest (streblousin). Present active indicative of strebloτ, old verb (from streblos twisted, strephτ, to turn), here only in N.T. ——————————————————————————– The other scriptures (tas loipas graphas).

There is no doubt that the apostles claimed to speak by the help of the Holy Spirit (1 Thessalonians 5:27; Colossians 4:16) just as the prophets of old did (2 Peter 1:20-21). Note loipas (rest) here rather than allas (other).

Peter thus puts Paul’s Epistles on the same plane with the O.T., which was also misused (Matthew 5:21-44; Matthew 15:3-6; Matthew 19:3-10).

2 Peter 3:17

2 Peter 3:172 Pe 3:17 υμειςG5210 YE ουνG3767 , αγαπητοιG27 BELOVED, προγινωσκοντεςG4267 [G5723] KNOWING , φυλασσεσθεG5442 [G5732] BEWARE, ιναG2443 μηG3361 LEST τηG3588 WITH THE τωνG3588 OF THE αθεσμωνG113 LAWLESS “ONES” πλανηG4106 ERROR συναπαχθεντεςG4879 [G5685] HAVING BEEN LED AWAY, εκπεσητεG1601 [G5632] YE SHOULD FALL FROM τουG3588 ιδιουG2398 YOUR OWN στηριγμουG4740 . seeing: 2 Peter 1:12, Proverbs 1:17, Matthew 24:24, Matthew 24:25, Mark 13:23, John 16:4 beware: Matthew 7:15, Matthew 16:6, Matthew 16:11, Philippians 3:2, Colossians 2:8, 2 Timothy 4:15 being: 2 Peter 2:18-20, Matthew 24:24, Mark 13:22, Romans 16:18, 2 Corinthians 11:3, 2 Corinthians 11:13-15 from: 2 Peter 1:10, 2 Peter 1:11, 2 Peter 2:18-22, Acts 2:42, 1 Corinthians 15:58, Ephesians 4:14, Colossians 2:5, Hebrews 3:14, 1 Peter 5:9 Proverbs 16:29 - General Luke 7:24 - A reed Luke 22:32 - strengthen Acts 11:23 - and exhorted Acts 13:43 - persuaded Romans 1:11 - to the Galatians 5:4 - ye Philippians 4:1 - so Colossians 2:7 - stablished 1 Thessalonians 3:8 - if 2 Timothy 3:6 - led James 5:19 - err2 Peter 3:17 The foregoing remarks are said for the warning of the better class of disciples to whom Peter is sending this epistle. They should be­ware and not be led astray by design­ing false teachers who are “ walking after their own lusts.” No person can be on both sides of a subject at the same time, hence in order to be sted- fast in the faith one must turn away from such evil characters. Knowing these things beforehand (proginτskontes). Present active participle of proginτskτ as in 1 Peter 1:20. Cf. prτton ginτskτ (2 Peter 1:20; 2 Peter 3:1). Hence they are without excuse for misunderstanding Peter or Paul on this subject. ——————————————————————————– Beware (phulassesthe). Present middle imperative of phulassτ, common verb, to guard. ——————————————————————————– Lest (hina mη). Negative purpose, “that not.” ——————————————————————————– Being carried away (sunapachthentes).

First aorist passive participle of sunapagτ, old verb double compound, to carry away together with, in N.T. only here and Galatians 2:13. ——————————————————————————– With the error (tηi planηi). Instrumental case, “by the error” (the wandering). ——————————————————————————– Of the wicked (tτn athesmτn). See on 2 Peter 2:7. ——————————————————————————– Ye fall from (ekpesηte). Second aorist active subjunctive with hina mη of ekpiptτ, old verb, to fall out of, with the ablative here (stηrigmou, steadfastness, late word from stηrizτ, here alone in N.T.) as in Galatians 5:4 (tηs charitos exepesate, ye fell out of grace).

2 Peter 3:18

2 Peter 3:182 Pe 3:18 αυξανετεG837 [G5720] δεG1161 BUT GROW ενG1722 IN χαριτιG5485 GRACE, καιG2532 AND γνωσειG1108 IN “THE” τουG3588 κυριουG2962 ημωνG2257 OF OUR LORD καιG2532 AND σωτηροςG4990 SAVIOUR ιησουG2424 JESUS χριστουG5547 CHRIST. αυτωG846 ηG3588 TO HIM “BE” δοξαG1391 GLORY καιG2532 BOTH νυνG3568 NOW καιG2532 AND ειςG1519 TO “THE” ημερανG2250 DAY αιωνοςG165 OF . αμηνG281 AMEN. . grow: Psalms 92:12, Hosea 14:5, Malachi 4:2, Ephesians 4:15, Colossians 1:10, 2 Thessalonians 1:3, 1 Peter 2:2 knowledge: 2 Peter 1:3, 2 Peter 1:8, 2 Peter 2:20, John 17:3, 2 Corinthians 4:6, Ephesians 1:17, Philippians 3:8, Colossians 1:10, Colossians 3:10 To him: John 5:23, 2 Timothy 4:18, 1 Peter 5:10, 1 Peter 5:11, Jude 1:25, Revelation 1:6, Revelation 5:9-14 Amen: Matthew 6:13, Matthew 28:20 Exodus 33:13 - that I Joshua 17:13 - waxen strong Psalms 24:7 - King Psalms 71:14 - praise Psalms 72:15 - daily Psalms 84:7 - They Psalms 92:13 - shall flourish Psalms 104:31 - The glory Proverbs 4:18 - General Proverbs 9:9 - General Proverbs 15:14 - heart Son 4:16 - the spices Isaiah 43:11 - General Isaiah 45:15 - O God Isaiah 53:11 - by his Ezekiel 40:26 - seven Zephaniah 2:3 - seek righteousness Matthew 13:23 - some an Matthew 13:33 - till Mark 4:27 - and grow Mark 8:25 - and saw Luke 11:36 - the whole Luke 22:32 - strengthen John 15:5 - same Acts 2:42 - they Acts 5:31 - a Saviour Acts 11:23 - and exhorted Acts 13:23 - raised Acts 13:43 - persuaded Acts 18:26 - expounded Romans 1:11 - to the Romans 11:36 - to whom Romans 16:27 - God 1 Corinthians 1:5 - and in 1 Corinthians 14:6 - knowledge 1 Corinthians 14:20 - not 1 Corinthians 15:58 - be ye 2 Corinthians 8:7 - this Galatians 1:5 - whom Galatians 5:4 - ye Ephesians 3:19 - to know Ephesians 3:21 - throughout Ephesians 4:13 - the knowledge Philippians 1:9 - in knowledge Philippians 2:12 - work Philippians 3:12 - already perfect Colossians 2:2 - understanding Colossians 2:5 - and the Colossians 2:7 - stablished Colossians 2:19 - increaseth 1 Thessalonians 3:12 - the Lord 1 Thessalonians 4:1 - so ye 1 Thessalonians 4:10 - that ye 1 Timothy 1:17 - be 2 Timothy 1:10 - our 2 Timothy 2:1 - be Titus 1:4 - our Titus 2:13 - our Hebrews 12:14 - and holiness Hebrews 13:21 - to whom 2 Peter 1:2 - the knowledge 2 Peter 1:5 - giving 3 John 1:2 - even Revelation 2:19 - the last2 Peter 3:18 Grow in grace means to grow (or increase) in the favor of the Lord. Note that this exhortation is coupled with the knowledge of Him. Hence our favor with the Lord will increase as our knowledge of Him in­creases, which we may obtain only by becoming familiar with the Gospel. To him be glory means that all honor and dignity should be ascribed to the Lord, and that such respect will be due Him for ever. Amen is ascribed as an expression of emphasis; its uses and meaning are explained in the com­ments at Romans 16:24 in first volume of the New Testament Commentary. But grow (auxanete de). Present active imperative of auxanτ, in contrast with such a fate pictured in 2 Peter 3:17, “but keep on growing.” ——————————————————————————– In the grace and knowledge (en chariti kai gnτsei). Locative case with en. Grow in both. Keep it up. See note on 2 Peter 1:1 for the idiomatic use of the single article (tou) here, “of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.” ——————————————————————————– To him (autτi).

To Christ. ——————————————————————————– For ever (eis hηmeran aiτnos). “Unto the day of eternity.” So Sir 18:9-10 One of the various ways of expressing eternity by the use of aiτn. So eis ton aiτna in John 6:5; John 12:34.