1 John 2

“THE FIRST EPISTLE OF JOHN”

Chapter Two We have an Advocate who is also the propitiation for our sins and to truly know Him we must keep His commandments (1 John 2:1-6), especially to love one another (1 John 2:7-11). Describing his original readers’ spiritual state (1 John 2:12-14), John cautions against loving the world and being deceived by antichrists (1 John 2:15-23), by letting truth abide in them and they in Christ (1 John 2:24-29).

POINTS TO PONDER

• The true test of knowing Jesus as our Advocate and our propitiation

• Things in the world we cannot not love

• The identity of antichrists in the writings of John

REVIEW

1. What are the main points of this chapter?- Our Advocate and how we know Him - 1 John 2:1-6- A new commandment - 1 John 2:7-11- Their spiritual state - 1 John 2:12-14- Love not the world, beware of antichrists - 1 John 2:15-23- Let truth abide in you, and you in Christ - 1 John 2:24-29

2. How can Jesus be of aid to us when we have sinned? (1 John 2:1-2)- He is our Advocate with the Father, and the propitiation for our sins

3. What are two proofs that we know Jesus and that we abide in Him? (1 John 2:3-6)- Keeping His commandments and walking as He walked

4. What commandment is both “old” and “new”? (1 John 2:7-11)- To love one’ s brother (cf. John 13:34-35)

5. List three groups of people and how John describes their spiritual state. (1 John 2:12-14)- Little children: forgiven of sins, and having known the Father

• Fathers: Having known Him (Jesus) who is from the beginning
• Young men: Strong, the word of God abides in them, have overcome the wicked one

6. What three things in the world should we not love? (1 John 2:15-17)- The lust of the flesh (immorality)

• The lust of the eyes (materialism)
• The pride of life (self-importance)

7. What does John reveal about antichrist? (1 John 2:18-23)- There will be many: whoever denies 1) Jesus is the Christ, 2) the Father and the Son

8. How can we be sure that we will abide in the Son and in the Father? (1 John 2:24-29)- By abiding in the truth spoken from the beginning and practicing righteousness

1 John 2:1

2:1

1 John 2:11 John 2:1 τεκνιαG5040 LITTLE μουG3450 MY , ταυταG5023 THESE THINGS γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, ιναG2443 THAT μηG3361 αμαρτητεG264 [G5632] YE MAY NOT SIN; καιG2532 AND εανG1437 IF τιςG5100 ANYONE αμαρτηG264 [G5632] SHOULD SIN, παρακλητονG3875 A εχομενG2192 [G5719] WE HAVE προςG4314 WITH τονG3588 THE πατεραG3962 FATHER, ιησουνG2424 JESUS χριστονG5547 CHRIST δικαιονG1342 “THE” ; little: 1 John 2:12, 1 John 2:13, 1 John 3:7, 1 John 3:18, 1 John 4:4, 1 John 5:21, John 13:33, John 21:5, 1 Corinthians 4:14, 1 Corinthians 4:15, Galatians 4:19 these: 1 John 1:3, 1 John 1:4, 1 Timothy 3:14 that: Psalms 4:4, Ezekiel 3:21, John 5:14, John 8:11, Romans 6:1, Romans 6:2, Romans 6:15, 1 Corinthians 15:34, Ephesians 4:26, Titus 2:11-13, 1 Peter 1:15-19, 1 Peter 4:1-3 And if: 1 John 1:8-10 we have: Romans 8:34, 1 Timothy 2:5, Hebrews 7:24, Hebrews 7:25, Hebrews 9:24 Father: Luke 10:22, John 5:19-26, John 5:36, John 6:27, John 10:15, John 14:6, Ephesians 2:18, James 1:27, James 3:9 the righteous: 1 John 2:29, 1 John 3:5, Zechariah 9:9, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Hebrews 7:26, 1 Peter 2:22, 1 Peter 3:18 Genesis 23:8 - entreat Exodus 40:5 - the altar Exodus 40:26 - General Leviticus 5:16 - and the priest Leviticus 6:7 - make Leviticus 14:29 - General Leviticus 16:13 - the cloud Numbers 11:2 - the fire Numbers 16:46 - an atonement Numbers 19:19 - shall sprinkle 2 Samuel 12:13 - The Lord Job 9:33 - is there Psalms 119:154 - Plead Psalms 130:7 - for with Proverbs 7:24 - O Proverbs 23:15 - My son Isaiah 6:7 - thine iniquity Isaiah 53:11 - by his Isaiah 53:12 - made Jeremiah 30:13 - none Ezekiel 33:12 - neither Ezekiel 33:16 - General Matthew 1:21 - for Matthew 12:31 - All Matthew 27:19 - that just Mark 10:24 - Children Luke 22:32 - I have John 8:29 - for John 14:16 - I will John 15:10 - even John 16:23 - Whatsoever John 17:9 - pray for Acts 3:14 - the Holy One Acts 7:52 - the Just One Acts 13:38 - that Acts 22:14 - that 2 Corinthians 5:14 - one 2 Corinthians 5:19 - reconciling 2 Corinthians 6:13 - I speak Galatians 2:16 - we have Galatians 3:13 - redeemed 1 Timothy 2:6 - gave Hebrews 8:12 - General Hebrews 10:19 - to enter 1 John 1:7 - and the 1 John 2:18 - Little 1 John 2:28 - little 1 John 4:14 - the Saviour 1 John 5:13 - have I Revelation 8:3 - offer it with the prayers 1 John 2:1. My little children is a fa­therly address to the disciples since John was an old man when he wrote this epistle. Furthermore, not with­ standing his strong language when treating of definite sins, he is known in history to have been a man of tender sentiments, so much so that he won a like feeling from Jesus, for it is said that he was the disciple “whom Jesus loved” John 13:23; John 19:26; John 20:2; John 21:7; John 21:20; John 21:24). Thus we have a number of en­dearing terms in the writings of this apostle. That ye sin not; if any man sin. These phrases do not conflict with each other although they may seem to.

The disciples of Christ are expected to oppose sin and be constantly “ striving against sin” (Hebrews 12:4), and to help them in their struggles the apos­tles have written instructions on the right ways of life. But in spite of all this they are going to make mistakes. (See the comments on verses 6-8 in the preceding chapter.) Hence the second phrase if any man sin is inserted to explain why the provision has been made for an advocate. That is from paraklktos, which Thayer defines as follows: “One who pleads another’ s cause with one, an intercessor.” My little children (teknia mou). Tender tone with this diminutive of teknon (child), again in 1 John 2:12; 1 John 3:18, but paidia in 1 John 2:14. John is now an old man and regards his readers as his little children. That attitude is illustrated in the story of his visit to the robber to win him to Christ. ——————————————————————————– That ye may not sin (hina mη hamartηte). Purpose (negative) clause with hina mη and the second aorist (ingressive, commit sin) active subjunctive of hamartanτ, to sin. John has no patience with professional perfectionists (1 John 1:8-10), but he has still less with loose-livers like some of the Gnostics who went to all sorts of excesses without shame. ——————————————————————————– If any man sin (ean tis hamartηi).

Third-class condition with ean and second aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive again, “if one commit sin.” ——————————————————————————– We have (echomen). Present active indicative of echτ in the apodosis, a present reality like echomen in 2 Corinthians 5:1. ——————————————————————————– An advocate (paraklηton). See notes on John 14:16; John 14:26; John 15:26; John 16:7 for this word, nowhere else in the N.T. The Holy Spirit is God’s Advocate on earth with men, while Christ is man’s Advocate with the Father (the idea, but not the word, in Romans 8:31-39; Hebrews 7:25). As dikaios (righteous) Jesus is qualified to plead our case and to enter the Father’s presence (Hebrews 2:18).

1 John 2:2

2:2

1 John 2:21 John 2:2 καιG2532 AND αυτοςG846 HE ιλασμοςG2434 “THE” εστινG2076 [G5748] IS περιG4012 FOR τωνG3588 αμαρτιωνG266 ημωνG2257 OUR SINS; ουG3756 NOT περιG4012 FOR τωνG3588 ημετερωνG2251 OURS δεG1161 BUT μονονG3440 ONLY, αλλαG235 BUT καιG2532 ALSO περιG4012 FOR ολουG3650 WHOLE τουG3588 THE κοσμουG2889 WORLD. he is: 1 John 1:7, 1 John 4:10, Romans 3:25, Romans 3:26, 1 Peter 2:24, 1 Peter 3:18 for the: 1 John 4:14, 1 John 5:19, John 1:29, John 4:42, John 11:51, John 11:52, 2 Corinthians 5:18-21, Revelation 12:9 Genesis 23:8 - entreat Exodus 25:17 - mercy seat Exodus 37:6 - General Exodus 40:5 - the altar Exodus 40:6 - General Exodus 40:20 - mercy Leviticus 1:4 - atonement Leviticus 4:20 - an atonement Leviticus 4:35 - and the priest shall make Leviticus 5:10 - make Leviticus 5:16 - and the priest Leviticus 6:7 - make Leviticus 14:29 - General Leviticus 16:10 - to make Leviticus 16:13 - the cloud Leviticus 17:11 - I have Leviticus 23:28 - General Numbers 11:2 - the fire Numbers 15:25 - the priest Numbers 16:46 - an atonement Numbers 19:19 - shall sprinkle Numbers 25:13 - atonement 1 Kings 8:59 - nigh Job 9:33 - is there Psalms 130:7 - for with Isaiah 6:7 - thine iniquity Isaiah 53:4 - he hath Jeremiah 30:21 - and I Zechariah 3:9 - remove Zechariah 13:7 - smite Matthew 1:21 - for Matthew 12:31 - All Matthew 20:28 - for Matthew 26:28 - shed Luke 14:22 - and yet Luke 22:32 - I have John 3:17 - but John 6:51 - the life John 10:15 - and I John 12:19 - the world John 12:32 - all men John 15:10 - even John 17:9 - pray for Acts 13:38 - that Romans 4:25 - Who was Romans 5:15 - hath Romans 8:34 - who also Romans 14:15 - Destroy 1 Corinthians 15:3 - Christ 2 Corinthians 5:14 - one 2 Corinthians 5:19 - reconciling 2 Corinthians 5:21 - he Galatians 1:4 - gave Galatians 2:16 - we have Galatians 3:13 - redeemed Ephesians 1:7 - whom Ephesians 2:18 - through Colossians 1:14 - whom 1 Timothy 2:6 - gave 1 Timothy 4:10 - the saviour Hebrews 2:9 - for every Hebrews 7:25 - by him Hebrews 7:26 - holy Hebrews 8:12 - General Hebrews 9:24 - appear Hebrews 10:19 - to enter 1 Peter 1:19 - with Revelation 5:9 - and hast Revelation 8:3 - offer it with the prayers1 John 2:2 Propitiation means some­thing that appeases or satisfies one who is (justly) making strong de­mands. God is violated by the sins of mankind and His justice demands the eternal condemnation of the offenders. Man was unable to furnish what was rightly required to pay the debt, but Jesus was able and willing to do so. That is what he did when He shed his blood as was shown in chapter 1:7. Not for ours only but also, etc. The pronoun stands for disciples who have already made use of the cleansing blood by obedience to the Gospel. But the blood is sufficient to cleanse the whole world if all will accept it on the same terms as the present disciples. (See the familiar passage in John 3:16.) And he (kai autos). He himself in his own person, both priest and sacrifice (Hebrews 9:14). ——————————————————————————– The propitiation (hilasmos). Late substantive from hilaskomai (Luke 18:13; Hebrews 2:17), in LXX, Philo, Plutarch, in N.T. only here and 1 John 4:10. Christ himself is the means of propitiation for (peri concerning) our sins. See hilastηrion in Romans 3:15. ——————————————————————————– For the whole world (peri holou tou kosmou). It is possible to supply the ellipsis here of tτn hamartiτn (the sins of) as we have it in Hebrews 7:27, but a simpler way is just to regard “the whole world” as a mass of sin (1 John 5:19). At any rate, the propitiation by Christ provides for salvation for all (Hebrews 2:9) if they will only be reconciled with God (2 Corinthians 5:19-21).

1 John 2:3

2:3

1 John 2:31 John 2:3 καιG2532 AND ενG1722 BY τουτωG5129 THIS γινωσκομενG1097 [G5719] WE KNOW οτιG3754 THAT εγνωκαμενG1097 [G5758] WE HAVE KNOWN αυτονG846 HIM, εανG1437 IF ταςG3588 εντολαςG1785 αυτουG846 HIS τηρωμενG5083 [G5725] WE KEEP. hereby: 1 John 2:4-6, 1 John 3:14, 1 John 3:19, 1 John 4:13, 1 John 5:19 we know: Isaiah 53:11,*Heb: John 17:3, 2 Corinthians 4:6 if we: 1 John 3:22, 1 John 3:23, 1 John 5:3, Psalms 119:6, Psalms 119:32, Luke 6:46, John 14:15, John 14:21-24, John 15:10, John 15:14, 1 Thessalonians 4:1, 1 Thessalonians 4:2, Hebrews 5:9, Revelation 22:14 1 Chronicles 22:12 - that thou mayest Psalms 9:10 - know Psalms 119:166 - and done Proverbs 7:2 - Keep Proverbs 19:16 - keepeth the Jeremiah 22:16 - was not Ezekiel 18:5 - if Daniel 11:32 - the people Hosea 5:4 - and Hosea 6:6 - the Matthew 7:24 - whosoever Matthew 28:20 - them Luke 1:6 - walking Luke 6:49 - that heareth Luke 8:15 - keep John 7:28 - whom John 15:21 - because 1 Corinthians 7:19 - but Galatians 4:9 - ye have Ephesians 1:17 - in the knowledge Philippians 3:10 - I Colossians 3:10 - knowledge James 1:22 - be 1 John 2:5 - whoso 1 John 2:13 - because 1 John 2:3. Know is not used in view of some technical distinction between faith and knowledge. The thought is that if we keep his commandments (and we may know whether we have done so or not), then we may he sure or have the assurance that we have a saving knowledge of Him. Hereby (en toutτi). See this phrase also in 1 John 2:5; 1 John 3:16; 1 John 3:19; 1 John 3:24; 1 John 4:2; 1 John 4:13; 1 John 5:2. That is explained by the ean clause, “if we keep his commandments " (ean tηrτmen, condition of the third class, ean with present active subjunctive, “if we keep on keeping”), the clause itself in apposition with toutτi (locative case). ——————————————————————————– Know we that we know him (ginoskomen hoti egnτkamen auton). “Know we that we have come to know and still know him,” egnτkamen the perfect active indicative of ginτskτ. The Gnostics boasted of their superior knowledge of Christ, and John here challenges their boast by an appeal to experimental knowledge of Christ which is shown by keeping his (autou, Christ’s) commandments, thoroughly Johannine phrase (12 times in the Gospel, 6 in this Epistle, 6 in the Apocalypse).

1 John 2:4

2:4

1 John 2:41 John 2:4 οG3588 HE THAT λεγωνG3004 [G5723] SAYS, εγνωκαG1097 [G5758] I HAVE KNOWN αυτονG846 HIM, καιG2532 AND ταςG3588 εντολαςG1785 αυτουG846 HIS μηG3361 τηρωνG5083 [G5723] IS NOT KEEPING, ψευστηςG5583 A LIAR εστινG2076 [G5748] IS, καιG2532 AND ενG1722 IN τουτωG5129 HIM ηG3588 THE αληθειαG225 TRUTH ουκG3756 εστινG2076 [G5748] IS NOT; that saith: 1 John 2:9, 1 John 1:6, 1 John 1:8, 1 John 1:10, 1 John 4:20, James 2:14-16 I know: Hosea 8:2, Hosea 8:3, Titus 1:16 is a: 1 John 1:6, 1 John 1:8 Psalms 119:29 - Remove Psalms 119:166 - and done Proverbs 7:2 - Keep Proverbs 19:16 - keepeth the Jeremiah 22:16 - was not Daniel 11:32 - the people Hosea 5:4 - and Matthew 28:20 - them Luke 6:49 - that heareth John 7:28 - whom John 8:55 - shall John 15:21 - because 1 Corinthians 7:19 - but Galatians 4:9 - ye have Ephesians 1:17 - in the knowledge 1 John 2:3 - hereby 1 John 2:5 - whoso 1 John 2:6 - that saith 1 John 2:13 - because 1 John 2:22 - Who 1 John 3:6 - whosoever 1 John 4:8 - knoweth 1 John 2:4 A knowledge of having kept the commandments is necessary to a knowledge of Him (see preceding verse). Therefore if a man asserts that he knows the Lord when he has not kept the commandments (and he may know whether he has or not), he is rightly classed with liars as the apostle here states. I know him (Egnτka auton). Perfect active indicative with recitative hoti like quotation marks just before it. This is one of the pious platitudes, cheap claptrap of the Gnostics, who would bob up in meetings with such explosions. John punctures such bubbles with the sharp addition “and keepeth not” (ho mη tηrτn, present active linear participle). “The one who keeps on saying: ‘I have come to know him,’ and keeps on not keeping his commandments is a liar” (pseustηs, just like Satan, John 8:44 and like 1 John 1:8; 1 John 1:10), followed by the negative statement as in 1 John 1:8; 1 John 1:10. There is a whip-cracker effect in John’s words.

1 John 2:5

2:5

1 John 2:51 John 2:5 οςG3739 δG1161 ανG302 BUT WHOEVER τηρηG5083 [G5725] MAY KEEP αυτουG846 τονG3588 HIS λογονG3056 WORD, αληθωςG230 TRULY ενG1722 IN τουτωG5129 HIM ηG3588 THE αγαπηG26 τουG3588 LOVE θεουG2316 OF GOD τετελειωταιG5048 [G5769] HAS BEEN . ενG1722 BY τουτωG5129 THIS γινωσκομενG1097 [G5719] WE KNOW οτιG3754 THAT ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM εσμενG2070 [G5748] WE ARE. whoso: 1 John 2:3, 1 John 2:4, Psalms 105:45, Psalms 106:3, Psalms 119:2, Psalms 119:4, Psalms 119:146, Proverbs 8:32, Proverbs 28:7, Ecclesiastes 8:5, Ezekiel 36:27, Luke 11:28, John 14:21, John 14:23, Revelation 12:17, Revelation 14:12 in him: 1 John 4:12, 1 John 4:18, James 2:22 hereby: 1 John 2:27, 1 John 2:28, 1 John 3:24, 1 John 4:13, 1 John 4:15, 1 John 4:16, 1 John 5:20, John 6:56, John 15:5, Romans 8:1, 1 Corinthians 1:30, 2 Corinthians 5:17, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Colossians 2:9, Colossians 2:10 John 13:35 - General John 15:10 - ye keep Philippians 3:10 - I Philippians 3:15 - as Colossians 3:10 - knowledge 1 John 4:17 - made 1 John 2:5 The love of Ood perfected has virtually the same thought as Jesus expressed in John 14:21. To be per­fected means to be made complete, and that will be accomplished when a man proves his love for God by keeping the commandments. On the same principle a man cannot truly claim to love the Lord who does not obey His word, even though he may sing “O how I love Jesus” as vigorously as anyone. Know that we are in him. For comments on the word know see those at verse 3. But whoso keepeth (hos d’ an tηrηi). Indefinite relative clause with modal an and the present active subjunctive, “whoever keeps on keeping.” ——————————————————————————– Verily (alηthτs). Truly, of a truth. This prize is open to all, not confined to a few initiated Gnostic intellectuals or pneumatics. ——————————————————————————– Hath the love of God been perfected (hη agapη tou theou teteleiτtai). Perfect passive indicative of teleioτ, stands completed. Probably objective genitive, our love for God, which is realized in absolute obedience (Brooke). ——————————————————————————– Hereby (en toutτi). That is by continuous keeping of Christ’s commandments, not by loud talk and loose living.

1 John 2:6

2:6

1 John 2:61 John 2:6 οG3588 HE THAT λεγωνG3004 [G5723] SAYS ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM “HE” μενεινG3306 [G5721] ABIDES, οφειλειG3784 [G5719] OUGHT, καθωςG2531 EVEN AS εκεινοςG1565 HE περιεπατησενG4043 [G5656] WALKED, καιG2532 ALSO αυτοςG846 HIMSELF ουτωςG3779 SO περιπατεινG4043 [G5721] TO WALK. that saith: 1 John 2:4, 1 John 1:6 he: 1 John 2:28, 1 John 3:6, John 15:4-6 to walk: 1 John 1:7, Psalms 85:13, Matthew 11:29, John 13:15, 1 Corinthians 11:1, Ephesians 5:2, 1 Peter 2:21 Psalms 15:2 - He Ezekiel 37:24 - they shall Matthew 3:15 - for Romans 6:4 - even Romans 13:13 - us Ephesians 2:10 - walk Philippians 2:5 - General Colossians 2:6 - walk 1 Thessalonians 2:12 - walk Titus 2:12 - live 1 John 3:3 - even 1 John 3:16 - and we 1 John 5:20 - and we 2 John 1:4 - walking 1 John 2:6 To abide in Christ is equiva­lent to walking with Him, for Christ is an active being and no person can continue with Him and not walk in the same way. “Can two walk together except they be agreed?” (Amos 3:3.) Himself also to walk (kai autos peripatein). Present active infinitive after opheilei (ought), “Himself also to keep on walking,” a continuous performance, not a spasmodic spurt. ——————————————————————————– Even as he walked (kathτs ekeinos periepatηsen). Constative aorist active indicative summing up the life of Christ on earth with the emphatic use of the demonstrative ekeinos in reference to Christ as in 1 John 3:3; 1 John 3:5; 1 John 3:7; 1 John 3:16; 1 John 4:17; John 7:11; John 9:12; John 9:28; John 19:21.

1 John 2:7

2:7

1 John 2:71 John 2:7 αδελφοιG80 , ουκG3756 NOT A εντοληνG1785 καινηνG2537 NEW γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, αλλG235 BUT εντοληνG1785 παλαιανG3820 AN OLD, ηνG3739 WHICH ειχετεG2192 [G5707] YE HAD απG575 FROM “THE” αρχηςG746 : ηG3588 THE εντοληG1785 ηG3588 παλαιαG3820 OLD εστινG2076 [G5748] IS οG3588 THE λογοςG3056 WORD ονG3739 WHICH ηκουσατεG191 [G5656] YE HEARD απG575 FROM “THE” αρχηςG746 . I write: 1 John 3:11, Acts 17:19, 2 John 1:5 but: Leviticus 19:18, Leviticus 19:34, Deuteronomy 6:5, Matthew 5:43, Matthew 22:37-40, Mark 12:29-34, Romans 13:8-10, Galatians 5:13, Galatians 5:14, James 2:8-12 Matthew 13:52 - things John 15:12 - General 1 John 2:12 - write 1 John 2:24 - which 1 John 2:7 The word new may mean with reference to its age or date. In that sense the divine law is not new because God has placed governing law before man ever since he has existed. On that basis it is the old commandment and they had heard it from the beginning. Beloved (agapηtoi). First instance of this favourite form of address in these Epistles (1 John 3:2; 1 John 3:21; 1 John 4:1; 1 John 4:7; 3 John 1:1-2; 3 John 1:5; 3 John 1:11). ——————————————————————————– No new commandment (ouk entolηn kainηn). Not novel or new in kind (kainηn as distinct from neos, new in time, for which distinction see Luke 5:33-38). ——————————————————————————– But an old commandment (all’ entolηn palaian). Ancient as opposed both to kainos and neos. The Mosaic law taught love for one’s neighbours and Christ taught love even of enemies. ——————————————————————————– Which ye had (hηn eichete). Imperfect active, reaching back to the beginning of their Christian lives (ap’ archηs). They had heard it expressly from Jesus (John 13:34), who, however, calls it “a new commandment.”

1 John 2:8

2:8

1 John 2:81 John 2:8 παλινG3825 AGAIN εντοληνG1785 A καινηνG2537 NEW γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, οG3739 WHICH εστινG2076 [G5748] IS αληθεςG227 TRUE ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM καιG2532 AND ενG1722 IN υμινG5213 YOU, οτιG3754 BECAUSE ηG3588 THE σκοτιαG4653 παραγεταιG3855 [G5731] IS PASSING AWAY, καιG2532 AND τοG3588 THE φωςG5457 τοG3588 LIGHT αληθινονG228 TRUE ηδηG2235 ALREADY φαινειG5316 [G5719] SHINES. a new: 1 John 4:21, John 13:34, John 15:12 which: 1 John 3:14-16, 1 John 4:11, John 15:12-15, 2 Corinthians 8:9, Ephesians 5:1, Ephesians 5:2, 1 Peter 1:21, 1 Peter 4:1-3 the darkness: Son 2:11, Son 2:12, Isaiah 9:2, Isaiah 60:1-3, Matthew 4:16, Luke 1:79, John 12:46, Acts 17:30, Acts 26:18, Romans 13:12, 2 Corinthians 4:4-6, Ephesians 5:8, 1 Thessalonians 5:5-8 and the: Psalms 27:1, Psalms 36:9, Psalms 84:11, Malachi 4:2, John 1:4, John 1:5, John 1:9, John 8:12, John 12:35, 2 Timothy 1:10 Genesis 1:3 - Let Son 4:6 - day Matthew 13:52 - things Luke 4:18 - and Acts 17:19 - new Galatians 6:2 - the law Ephesians 2:3 - in times Colossians 1:13 - the power 1 Thessalonians 5:4 - are 1 John 3:11 - this 1 John 3:23 - love 2 John 1:5 - not The commandments of the Lord are new in the sense of being fresh and vigorous (not infirm as with old age). The newness or liveliness of the laws of 1 John 2:8 the Lord is manifested in their being able to dispel the darkness of ignorance, and shed the light of knowledge in the Lord. Again a new commandment (palin entolηn kainηn). Paradox, but truth. Old in teaching (as old as the story of Cain and Abel, 1 John 3:11-12), but new in practice. For this use of palin for a new turn see John 16:28. To walk as Christ walked is to put in practice the old commandment and so make it new (ever new and fresh), as love is as old as man and fresh in every new experience. ——————————————————————————– True in him and in you (alηthes en autτi kai en humin). This newness is shown supremely in Christ and in disciples when they walk as Jesus did (1 John 2:6). ——————————————————————————- Because (hoti).

Explanation of the paradox. ——————————————————————————– Is passing away (paragetai). Present middle indicative of paragτ, old verb, to lead by, to go by (intransitive), as in Matthew 20:30. Night does pass by even if slowly. See this verb in 1 John 2:17 of the world passing by like a procession. ——————————————————————————– True (alηthinon). Genuine, reliable, no false flicker. ——————————————————————————– Already shineth (ηdη phainei). Linear present active, “is already shining” and the darkness is already passing by.

Dawn is here. Is John thinking of the second coming of Christ or of the victory of truth over error, of light over darkness (cf. John 1:5-9), the slow but sure victory of Christ over Satan as shown in the Apocalypse? See 1 John 1:5.

1 John 2:9

2:9

1 John 2:91 John 2:9 οG3588 HE THAT λεγωνG3004 [G5723] SAYS ενG1722 IN τωG3588 THE φωτιG5457 LIGHT “HE” ειναιG1511 [G5750] IS, καιG2532 AND τονG3588 αδελφονG80 αυτουG846 HIS BROTHER μισωνG3404 [G5723] HATES, ενG1722 IN τηG3588 THE σκοτιαG4653 εστινG2076 [G5748] IS εωςG2193 UNTIL αρτιG737 NOW. that saith: 1 John 2:4 he is: 1 John 1:6, John 9:41, Romans 2:18-21 and hateth: 1 John 3:13-17 is in: 1 John 2:11, Psalms 82:5, 1 Corinthians 13:1-3, 2 Peter 1:9 Genesis 13:8 - brethren Leviticus 19:17 - hate Joshua 23:12 - go back Matthew 5:22 - his brother John 12:36 - the children John 12:46 - am Acts 26:18 - and to Romans 12:10 - kindly Romans 13:12 - works 1 Corinthians 6:6 - brother Ephesians 5:8 - but Hebrews 13:1 - General 1 John 1:7 - If we 1 John 3:10 - neither 1 John 3:14 - that loveth 1 John 4:8 - knoweth 1 John 2:9. This is the same in thought as several of the preceding verses, namely, that true love is manifested by show­ing an obedient spirit toward the law of God, and that law requires a dis­ciple to love his brother. And hateth his brother (kai ton adelphon autou misτn). Sharp contrast between the love just described and hate. The only way to walk in the light (1 John 1:7) is to have fellowship with God who is light (1 John 1:3; 1 John 1:5). So the claim to be in the light is nullified by hating a brother. ——————————————————————————– Even until now (heτs arti). Up till this moment. In spite of the increasing light and his own boast he is in the dark.

1 John 2:10

:10

1 John 2:101 John 2:10 οG3588 HE THAT αγαπωνG25 [G5723] LOVES τονG3588 αδελφονG80 αυτουG846 HIS BROTHER, ενG1722 IN τωG3588 THE φωτιG5457 LIGHT μενειG3306 [G5719] ABIDES, καιG2532 AND σκανδαλονG4625 CAUSE OF OFFENCE ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM ουκG3756 εστινG2076 [G5748] THERE IS NOT. that loveth: 1 John 3:14, Hosea 6:3, John 8:31, Romans 14:13, 2 Peter 1:10 occasion of stumbling: Gr. scandal, Matthew 13:21, Matthew 18:7, Luke 17:1, Luke 17:2, Romans 9:32, Romans 9:33, Philippians 1:10 Proverbs 4:12 - thou shalt Jeremiah 13:16 - your John 11:10 - General John 13:35 - General 1 Corinthians 13:13 - charity 1 Thessalonians 4:9 - touching Hebrews 13:1 - General 1 John 1:7 - If we 1 John 3:10 - neither 1 John 4:7 - let 1 John 5:1 - and every 1 John 2:10. Occasion of stumbling denotes being the cause of another’ s stumbling or committing error. If a man loves his brother he will not put any stumbling block in his way (Romans 14:13). Abideth (menei). Present active indicative, continues in the light and so does not interrupt the light by hating his brother. ——————————————————————————– Occasion of stumbling (skandalon). See notes on Matthew 13:41; Matthew 16:23 for this interesting word. It is a stumbling block or trap either in the way of others (its usual sense), as in Matthew 18:7, or in one’s own way, as is true of proskoptτ in John 11:9 and in 1 John 2:11 here. But, as Westcott argues, John may very well have the usual meaning here and the other in 1 John 2:11.

1 John 2:11

:11

1 John 2:111 John 2:11 οG3588 δεG1161 BUT HE THAT μισωνG3404 [G5723] HATES τονG3588 αδελφονG80 αυτουG846 HIS BROTHER, ενG1722 IN τηG3588 THE σκοτιαG4653 εστινG2076 [G5748] IS, καιG2532 AND ενG1722 IN τηG3588 THE σκοτιαG4653 περιπατειG4043 [G5719] WALKS, καιG2532 AND ουκG3756 οιδενG1492 [G5758] KNOWS NOT πουG4225 WHERE υπαγειG5217 [G5719] HE GOES, οτιG3754 BECAUSE ηG3588 THE σκοτιαG4653 ετυφλωσενG5186 [G5656] BLINDED τουςG3588 οφθαλμουςG3788 αυτουG846 HIS EYES. he that: 1 John 2:9, John 12:35, Titus 3:3 and walketh: Proverbs 4:19, John 12:35 because: John 12:40, 2 Corinthians 3:14, 2 Corinthians 4:4, Revelation 3:17 Genesis 37:4 - hated him Leviticus 19:17 - hate Job 12:25 - grope Psalms 82:5 - walk Proverbs 4:12 - thou shalt Ecclesiastes 2:14 - wise Isaiah 59:10 - grope Jeremiah 13:16 - your Jeremiah 23:12 - in the Zephaniah 1:17 - they shall Matthew 6:23 - thine John 9:39 - might be John 11:10 - General Ephesians 4:18 - because 1 John 3:14 - that loveth 1 John 2:11. Darkness is figurative and means the absence of truth. The truth of God requires that the brethren love each other, hence if one brother hates another he is not walking according to the word of God but is walking in darkness. Blinded (etuphlτsen). First aorist active indicative of tuphloτ, the very verb and form used in 2 Corinthians 4:4 of the god of this age to keep men from beholding the illumination of the gospel of the glory of Christ who is the image of God. The first part of the verse repeats 1 John 2:9, but adds this vivid touch of the blinding power of darkness. In the Mammoth Cave of Kentucky the fish in Echo River have eye-sockets, but no eyes.

1 John 2:12

:12

1 John 2:121 John 2:12 γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, τεκνιαG5040 LITTLE , οτιG3754 BECAUSE αφεωνταιG863 [G5769] HAVE BEEN υμινG5213 αιG3588 YOU “YOUR” αμαρτιαιG266 SINS διαG1223 FOR THE SAKE OF τοG3588 ονομαG3686 αυτουG846 HIS NAME. write: 1 John 2:7, 1 John 2:13, 1 John 2:14, 1 John 2:21, 1 John 1:4 little: 1 John 2:1 your: 1 John 1:7, 1 John 1:9, Psalms 32:1, Psalms 32:2, Luke 5:20, Luke 7:47-50, Luke 24:47, Acts 4:12, Acts 10:43, Acts 13:38, Romans 4:6, Romans 4:7, Ephesians 1:7, Colossians 1:14 for: Psalms 25:11, Psalms 106:8, Jeremiah 14:7, Ephesians 4:32 Isaiah 53:12 - made Acts 26:18 - that they Romans 15:15 - I have 1 Corinthians 3:1 - babes 2 Corinthians 6:13 - I speak Galatians 4:19 - little Colossians 2:13 - having Hebrews 6:20 - for 1 John 2:12. In this and the two verses following the writer uses the different age groups in a natural family to com­pare the ones with different talents and experiences in the family of God. Little children, cannot mean those usually designated by the term, since they do not have sins to be for­given. It is used in view of some of them who were recent additions to the divine family by the spiritual birth. I write (graphτ). Present active indicative, repeated three times, referring to this Epistle. For “the name” see 1 John 3:23; 3 John 1:7. They were loyal to the name of Christ (Matthew 10:22). ——————————————————————————– Are forgiven (apheτntai). Doric perfect passive indicative of aphiηmi (seen also in Luke 5:20; Luke 5:23) for the usual apheintai. Teknia (little children) probably includes all, as in 1 John 2:1.

1 John 2:13

:13

1 John 2:131 John 2:13 γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, πατερεςG3962 FATHERS, οτιG3754 BECAUSE εγνωκατεG1097 [G5758] YE HAVE KNOWN τονG3588 HIM WHO “IS” απG575 FROM αρχηςG746 “THE” . γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, νεανισκοιG3495 YOUNG MEN, οτιG3754 BECAUSE νενικηκατεG3528 [G5758] YE HAVE τονG3588 THE πονηρονG4190 WICKED “ONE”. γραφωG1125 [G5719] I WRITE υμινG5213 TO YOU, παιδιαG3813 LITTLE , οτιG3754 BECAUSE εγνωκατεG1097 [G5758] YE HAVE KNOWN τονG3588 THE πατεραG3962 FATHER. fathers: 1 John 2:14, 1 Timothy 5:1 because: 1 John 2:3, 1 John 2:4, 1 John 5:20, Psalms 91:14, Luke 10:22, John 8:19, John 14:7, John 17:3 him that: 1 John 1:1, Psalms 90:2 young: 1 John 2:14, Psalms 148:12, Proverbs 20:29, Joe 2:28, Zechariah 9:17, Titus 2:6 because: 1 John 4:4, 1 John 5:4, 1 John 5:5, Ephesians 6:10-12, 1 Peter 5:8, 1 Peter 5:9 the wicked: 1 John 3:12, 1 John 5:18, Matthew 13:19, Matthew 13:38 little: 1 John 2:1, 1 John 2:12 ye have known: Matthew 11:27, Luke 10:22, John 8:54, John 8:55, John 14:7, John 14:9, John 16:3, John 17:21, 2 Corinthians 4:6 Psalms 37:40 - from John 21:5 - Children Acts 21:16 - an old 2 Thessalonians 2:8 - that 1 John 5:13 - have I Revelation 3:12 - overcometh Revelation 12:11 - they overcame 1 John 2:13 As fathers in the natural family would be mature and ripe with the experience of age, so there are those in the church who have that qualifica­tion over other brethren. Young men are more mature than little childdren and have lived long enough to have demonstrated their strength in the con­tests of life. In the preceding verse the little children are given mention be­cause of their purification from sins. Now they are named because of their knowledge of the Father from whom they have received the forgiveness of their sins. Fathers (pateres). Those mature believers with long and rich experience (egnτkate, ye have come to know and still know). ——————————————————————————– Him which is from the beginning (ton ap’ archηs). See 1 John 1:1 as explaining this crisp description of the Word of life (cf. John 1:1-18). ——————————————————————————– Young men (neaniskoi). The younger element in contrast to the fathers, full of vigor and conflict and victory. ——————————————————————————– Ye have overcome the evil one (nenikηkate ton ponηron). Perfect active indicative of nikaτ, a permanent victory after conflict. The masculine article ton shows that the prince of darkness is the one defeated in this struggle, the devil plain in 1 John 3:8; 1 John 3:10 (John 8:44; John 13:2).

1 John 2:14

:14

1 John 2:141 John 2:14 εγραψαG1125 [G5656] I WROTE υμινG5213 TO YOU, πατερεςG3962 FATHERS, οτιG3754 BECAUSE εγνωκατεG1097 [G5758] YE HAVE KNOWN τονG3588 HIM WHO “IS” απG575 FROM “THE” αρχηςG746 . εγραψαG1125 [G5656] I WROTE υμινG5213 TO YOU, νεανισκοιG3495 YOUNG MEN, οτιG3754 BECAUSE ισχυροιG2478 STRONG εστεG2075 [G5748] YE ARE καιG2532 AND οG3588 THE λογοςG3056 τουG3588 WORD θεουG2316 OF GOD ενG1722 IN υμινG5213 YOU μενειG3306 [G5719] ABIDES, καιG2532 AND νενικηκατεG3528 [G5758] YE HAVE τονG3588 THE πονηρονG4190 WICKED “ONE”. fathers: 1 John 2:13 because ye are: Ephesians 6:10, Philippians 4:13, Colossians 1:11, 2 Timothy 2:1 the word: Psalms 119:11, John 5:38, John 8:31, John 15:7, Colossians 3:16, Hebrews 8:10, 2 John 1:2, 3 John 1:3 ye have overcome: Revelation 2:7 - Revelation 3:22 Psalms 37:40 - from Proverbs 20:29 - glory Matthew 13:19 - the wicked Acts 21:16 - an old Romans 15:1 - strong 1 Corinthians 13:13 - abideth 1 John 2:12 - write 1 John 3:12 - of 1 John 5:13 - have I 1 John 5:18 - wicked Revelation 3:12 - overcometh Revelation 12:11 - they overcame 1 John 2:14 This verse adds no special thoughts to the preceding two, except to indicate their importance by the repetition for emphasis. I have written (egrapsa). Repeated three times. Epistolary aorist referring to this Epistle, not to a previous Epistle. Law (Tests of Life, p. 309) suggests that John was interrupted at the close of 1 John 2:13 and resumes here in 1 John 2:14 with a reference to what he had previously written in 1 John 2:13. But that is needless ingenuity. It is quite in John’s style to repeat himself with slight variations. ——————————————————————————– The Father (ton patera).

The heavenly Father as all of God’s children should come to know him. He repeats from 1 John 2:13 what he said to “fathers.” To the young men he adds ischuroi (strong) and the word of God abiding in them. That is what makes them powerful (ischuroi) and able to gain the victory over the evil one.

1 John 2:15

:15

1 John 2:151 John 2:15 μηG3361 αγαπατεG25 [G5720] LOVE NOT τονG3588 THE κοσμονG2889 WORLD, μηδεG3366 NOR ταG3588 THE THINGS ενG1722 IN τωG3588 THE κοσμωG2889 WORLD. εανG1437 IF τιςG5100 ANYONE αγαπαG25 [G5725] SHOULD LOVE τονG3588 THE κοσμονG2889 WORLD, ουκG3756 NOT εστινG2076 [G5748] IS ηG3588 THE αγαπηG26 LOVE τουG3588 OF THE πατροςG3962 FATHER ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM; Love not: 1 John 4:5, 1 John 5:4, 1 John 5:5, 1 John 5:10, John 15:19, Romans 12:2, Galatians 1:10, Ephesians 2:2, Colossians 3:1, Colossians 3:2, 1 Timothy 6:10 If: Matthew 6:24, Luke 16:13, James 4:4 the love: 1 John 3:17 Genesis 13:10 - and beheld Leviticus 11:20 - General Deuteronomy 10:12 - love Joshua 7:21 - I saw Judges 16:15 - when thine Psalms 10:3 - and blesseth Psalms 119:10 - my whole Ecclesiastes 11:9 - in the sight Jeremiah 22:17 - thine eyes Hosea 10:2 - Their heart is divided Matthew 4:8 - and showeth Matthew 6:19 - General Matthew 13:22 - the care Matthew 22:5 - one Mark 4:7 - General Mark 4:19 - and the lusts Mark 8:33 - savourest Mark 10:22 - for Luke 4:5 - taking Luke 8:14 - and are Luke 14:18 - I have Luke 14:33 - General Luke 16:25 - thy good Luke 18:23 - he was very sorrowful John 5:42 - that John 8:23 - Ye are from Romans 1:25 - the creature Romans 6:12 - in the lusts Romans 7:7 - Thou shalt Romans 8:7 - the carnal mind Romans 13:14 - and Galatians 1:4 - from Galatians 5:16 - and Galatians 6:14 - the world 1 Timothy 6:9 - many 2 Timothy 4:10 - having Titus 2:12 - denying Hebrews 12:1 - let us lay James 1:27 - to keep James 4:1 - come they 1 Peter 2:11 - abstain 2 Peter 1:4 - having 1 John 2:15 World is from a word that means the inhabitants of the earth. Other passages require us to love our enemies and John 3:16 says God loved the world. The apparent difficulty is explained by the words things that are in the world. We should understand that Christians are not to love the things that the people in the world possess and use for their lustful plea­sures. Of course no man can love such things and love the Father also, for He has condemned them and com­manded His children to “abstain from fleshly lusts which war against the soul” (1 Peter 2:11). Love not the world (mη agapβte ton kosmon). Prohibition with mη and the present active imperative of agapaτ, either stop doing it or do not have the habit of doing it. This use of kosmos is common in John’s Gospel (John 1:10; John 17:14 ff.) and appears also in 1 John 5:19. In epitome the Roman Empire represented it. See it also in James 4:4. It confronts every believer today. ——————————————————————————– If any man love (ean tis agapβi).

Third-class condition with ean and present active subjunctive of agapaτ (same form as indicative), “if any keep on loving the world.” ——————————————————————————– The love of the Father (hη agapη tou patros). Objective genitive, this phrase only here in N.T., with which compare “love of God” in 1 John 2:5. In antithesis to love of the world.

1 John 2:16

:16

1 John 2:161 John 2:16 οτιG3754 BECAUSE πανG3956 ALL τοG3588 THAT WHICH “IS” ενG1722 IN τωG3588 THE κοσμωG2889 WORLD, ηG3588 THE επιθυμιαG1939 DESIRE τηςG3588 OF THE σαρκοςG4561 FLESH, καιG2532 AND ηG3588 THE επιθυμιαG1939 DESIRE τωνG3588 OF THE οφθαλμωνG3788 EYES, καιG2532 AND ηG3588 THE αλαζονειαG212 τουG3588 βιουG979 OF LIFE, ουκG3756 NOT εστινG2076 [G5748] IS εκG1537 OF τουG3588 THE πατροςG3962 FATHER, αλλG235 BUT εκG1537 OF τουG3588 THE κοσμουG2889 WORLD εστινG2076 [G5748] IS; the lust of the flesh: Numbers 11:4, Numbers 11:34, Psalms 78:18, Psalms 78:30, Proverbs 6:25, Matthew 5:28, Romans 13:14, 1 Corinthians 10:6, Galatians 5:17, Galatians 5:24, Ephesians 2:3, Titus 2:12, Titus 3:3, 1 Peter 1:14, 1 Peter 2:11, 1 Peter 4:2, 1 Peter 4:3, 1 Peter 4:2, 1 Peter 4:3, 2 Peter 2:10, 2 Peter 2:18, Jude 1:16-18 and the lust: Genesis 3:6, Genesis 6:2, Joshua 7:21, Job 31:1, Psalms 119:36, Psalms 119:37, Ecclesiastes 5:10, Ecclesiastes 5:11, Matthew 4:8, Luke 4:5 and the pride: Esther 1:3-7, Psalms 73:6, Daniel 4:30, Revelation 18:11-17 is not: James 3:15 Genesis 13:10 - and beheld Genesis 39:7 - cast Numbers 32:1 - the place Judges 14:1 - Timnath Judges 16:15 - when thine 2 Samuel 11:2 - he saw Psalms 37:27 - do good Proverbs 17:24 - the eyes Proverbs 21:10 - soul Proverbs 23:5 - thou Proverbs 23:31 - General Proverbs 27:20 - so Ecclesiastes 2:10 - whatsoever Ecclesiastes 2:11 - I looked Ecclesiastes 4:8 - is his Ecclesiastes 11:9 - in the sight Jeremiah 22:17 - thine eyes Matthew 6:19 - General Matthew 6:24 - serve Matthew 13:22 - the care Matthew 22:5 - one Mark 4:7 - General Mark 10:22 - for Luke 14:18 - I have Luke 14:33 - General Luke 16:13 - servant John 8:23 - Ye are from Acts 25:23 - with Romans 1:25 - the creature Romans 7:7 - Thou shalt Romans 8:7 - the carnal mind 1 Corinthians 6:2 - the smallest 2 Corinthians 4:18 - for Galatians 5:16 - and 2 Timothy 4:10 - having Hebrews 12:1 - let us lay James 4:4 - the friendship 2 Peter 1:4 - having 2 Peter 2:14 - eyes Revelation 18:14 - thy soul 1 John 2:16 The things named in this verse the apostle says are all that is in the world. That is not merely an arbitrary declaration made just be­cause the apostle chose to sum it all up that way, but upon examination it will be seen that it is historically and also logically true. In Genesis 3:6 we read; “When the woman saw that the tree was good for food [lust of the flesh], and that it was pleasant to the eyes [lust of the eyes], and a tree to be desired to make one wise [pride of life],” etc. Next we shall consider Luke 4:1-13. Satan suggested to Jesus a way to get food, which was an appeal to the lust of the flesh. (The obtain­ing of food was no sin if done by law­ful means.) Satan showed Christ the kingdoms of the world which was an appeal to the lust of the eyes. Next he challenged Him to cast himself from the roof of the temple to show the greatness of His power, which was an attempt to get Jesus to yield on a point that would have shown the spirit of pride. Luke says after these three items that “ the devil had ended all the temp­tations,” which agrees with John that the three classes of evil are all that is in the world. All that (pβn to). Collective use of the neuter singular as in 1 John 5:4, like pβn ho in John 6:37; John 6:39. Three examples, not necessarily covering all sins, are given in the nominative in apposition with pβn to. “The lust of the flesh” (hη epithumia tηs sarkos, subjective genitive, lust felt by the flesh) may be illustrated by Mark 4:19; Galatians 5:17. So the genitive with hη epithumia tτn ophthalmτn (the lust of the eyes) is subjective, lust with the eyes as organs as shown by Jesus in Matthew 5:28. The use of the “movies” today for gain by lustful exhibitions is a case in point. For alazoneia see note on James 4:16, the only other N.T. example.

Alazτn (a boaster) occurs in Romans 1:30; 2 Timothy 3:2. Bios (life) as in 1 John 3:17 is the external aspect (Luke 8:14), not the inward principle (zτη). David Smith thinks that, as in the case of Eve (Genesis 3:1-6) and the temptations of Jesus (Matthew 4:1-11), these three sins include all possible sins. But they are all “of the world” (ek tou kosmou) in origin, in no sense “of the Father” (ek tou patros). The problem for the believer is always how to be in the world and yet not of it (John 17:11; John 17:14 ff.).

1 John 2:17

:17

1 John 2:171 John 2:17 καιG2532 AND οG3588 THE κοσμοςG2889 WORLD παραγεταιG3855 [G5731] IS PASSING AWAY, καιG2532 AND ηG3588 THE επιθυμιαG1939 LUST αυτουG846 OF IT, οG3588 δεG1161 BUT HE THAT ποιωνG4160 [G5723] DOES τοG3588 THE θελημαG2307 τουG3588 WILL θεουG2316 OF GOD μενειG3306 [G5719] ABIDES ειςG1519 τονG3588 FOR αιωναG165 EVER. the world: Psalms 39:6, Psalms 73:18-20, Psalms 90:9, Psalms 102:26, Isaiah 40:6-8, Matthew 24:35, 1 Corinthians 7:31, James 1:10, James 1:11, James 4:14, 1 Peter 1:24 but: Psalms 143:10, Matthew 7:21, Matthew 21:31, Mark 3:35, John 7:17, Romans 12:2, Colossians 1:9, Colossians 4:12, 1 Thessalonians 4:3, 1 Thessalonians 5:18, Hebrews 10:36, 1 Peter 4:2 abideth: Psalms 125:1, Psalms 125:2, Proverbs 10:25, John 4:14, John 6:58, John 10:28-30, 1 Peter 1:5, 1 Peter 1:25 Psalms 37:27 - do good Ecclesiastes 2:11 - I looked Matthew 12:50 - do 1 Corinthians 6:2 - the smallest 1 Corinthians 7:29 - the time 2 Corinthians 4:18 - for Ephesians 6:6 - doing Hebrews 13:21 - to do 2 John 1:2 - which Revelation 18:14 - thy soul Revelation 21:4 - the former 1 John 2:17. World is still from the word that means the inhabitants fit the earth, and the lusts are the practices of the same which confirms the com­ments on the preceding verse. Since this world and its practices are to pass away, it is great folly for a disciple to let his affections be attached thereto. But the doer of God’ s will abideth for ever and hence that is the proper sub­ject to receive our sincere interests. Passeth away (paragetai). “Is passing by” (linear action, present middle indicative), as in 1 John 2:8. There is consolation in this view of the transitoriness of the conflict with the world. Even the lust which belongs to the world passes also. The one who keeps on doing (poiτn present active participle of poieτ) the will of God “abides for ever” (menei eis ton aiτna) “amid the flux of transitory things” (D. Smith).

1 John 2:18

:18

1 John 2:181 John 2:18 παιδιαG3813 LITTLE , “THE” εσχατηG2078 LAST ωραG5610 HOUR εστινG2076 [G5748] IT IS, καιG2532 AND καθωςG2531 AS ηκουσατεG191 [G5656] YE HEARD οτιG3754 THAT οG3588 THE αντιχριστοςG500 ερχεταιG2064 [G5736] IS COMING, καιG2532 EVEN νυνG3568 NOW αντιχριστοιG500 πολλοιG4183 MANY γεγονασινG1096 [G5754] HAVE ARISEN, οθενG3606 WHENCE γινωσκομενG1097 [G5719] WE KNOW οτιG3754 THAT “THE” εσχατηG2078 LAST ωραG5610 HOUR εστινG2076 [G5748] IT IS. Little: 1 John 2:1, John 21:5 it is: 2 Timothy 3:1, Hebrews 1:2, 1 Peter 1:5, 1 Peter 1:20, 2 Peter 3:3, Jude 1:18 ye have: 1 John 4:3, Matthew 24:5, Matthew 24:11, Matthew 24:24, Mark 13:6, Mark 13:21, Mark 13:22, Acts 20:29, Acts 20:30, 2 Thessalonians 2:3-12, 1 Timothy 4:1-3, 2 Timothy 3:1-6, 2 Timothy 4:3, 2 Timothy 4:4, 2 Peter 2:1 antichrist: 1 John 2:22, 1 John 4:3, 2 John 1:7 whereby: 1 Timothy 4:1, 2 Timothy 3:1 Genesis 14:14 - his brother Daniel 11:34 - cleave Matthew 13:47 - and gathered 1 Corinthians 10:11 - upon 2 Corinthians 11:3 - so 2 Corinthians 11:13 - false Galatians 1:7 - pervert Galatians 5:10 - but Colossians 2:4 - lest 2 Thessalonians 2:7 - doth 2 Timothy 3:8 - resist Titus 1:10 - there 1 Peter 4:7 - the end 2 Peter 2:2 - many 1 John 4:1 - many 1 John 2:18. Little children is used in the sense that is explained at the first verse of the chapter. Last time could have a number of definitions on ac­count of the second word, hence the thought must be gathered from the use that is made of it. The doctrine of Christ is not directly taught in the Old Testament while He is the central figure in the New. The verse speaks of antichrists (which means against Christ) so we must understand John means we are living in the last Dispensation. Such is a logical end conclusion because the basis of the whole system is belief in Christ (not Moses). It is the last hour (eschatη hτra estin). This phrase only here in N.T., though John often uses hτra for a crisis (John 2:4; John 4:21; John 4:23; John 5:25; John 5:28, etc.). It is anarthrous here and marks the character of the “hour.” John has seven times “the last day” in the Gospel. Certainly in 1 John 2:28 John makes it plain that the parousia might come in the life of those then living, but it is not clear that here he definitely asserts it as a fact. It was his hope beyond a doubt. We are left in doubt about this “last hour” whether it covers a period, a series, or the final climax of all just at hand. ——————————————————————————– As ye heard (kathτs ηkousate).

First aorist active indicative of akouτ. ——————————————————————————– Antichrist cometh (antichristos erchetai). “Is coming.” Present futuristic or prophetic middle indicative retained in indirect assertion. So Jesus taught (Mark 13:6; Mark 13:22; Matthew 24:5; Matthew 24:15; Matthew 24:24) and so Paul taught (Acts 20:30; 2 Thessalonians 2:3).

These false Christs (Matthew 24:24; Mark 13:22) are necessarily antichrists, for there can be only one. Anti can mean substitution or opposition, but both ideas are identical in the word antichristos (in N.T. only here, 1 John 2:22; 1 John 4:3; 2 John 1:7). Westcott rightly observes that John’s use of the word is determined by the Christian conception, not by the Jewish apocalypses. ——————————————————————————– Have there arisen (gegonasin). Second perfect active indicative of ginomai. ——————————————————————————– Many antichrists (antichristoi polloi). Not just one, but the exponents of the Gnostic teaching are really antichrists, just as some modern deceivers deserve this title. ——————————————————————————– Whereby (hothen). By the fact that these many antichrists have come.

1 John 2:19

:19

1 John 2:191 John 2:19 εξG1537 FROM AMONG ημωνG2257 US εξηλθονG1831 [G5627] THEY WENT OUT, αλλG235 BUT ουκG3756 NOT ησανG2258 [G5713] THEY WERE εξG1537 OF ημωνG2257 US; ειG1487 γαρG1063 FOR IT ησανG2258 [G5713] THEY WERE εξG1537 OF ημωνG2257 US, μεμενηκεισανG3306 [G5715] WOULD HAVE ανG302 THEY μεθG3326 WITH ημωνG2257 US, αλλG235 BUT ιναG2443 THAT φανερωθωσινG5319 [G5686] THEY MIGHT BE MADE οτιG3754 THAT ουκG3756 εισινG1526 [G5748] ARE NOT παντεςG3956 ALL εξG1537 OF ημωνG2257 US. went out: Deuteronomy 13:13, Psalms 41:9, Matthew 13:20, Matthew 13:21, Mark 4:5, Mark 4:6, Mark 4:16, Mark 4:17, Luke 8:13, John 15:2, Acts 15:24, Acts 20:30, 2 Peter 2:20, 2 Peter 2:21, Jude 1:19 for: Job 17:9, Psalms 37:28, Psalms 125:1, Psalms 125:2, Jeremiah 32:38-40, Matthew 24:24, Mark 13:22, John 4:14, John 6:37-39, John 10:28-30, 2 Timothy 2:10, 2 Timothy 2:19, 1 Peter 1:2-5, Jude 1:1 they might: Romans 9:6, Romans 11:5, Romans 11:6, 1 Corinthians 11:19, 2 Timothy 3:9, Hebrews 10:39 Genesis 21:10 - Cast out Deuteronomy 13:3 - proveth Rth 1:15 - gone back 2 Kings 2:2 - I will not Job 23:12 - Neither Job 24:13 - nor abide Psalms 18:21 - have not Psalms 36:3 - he hath Psalms 94:15 - and all Psalms 101:3 - them Psalms 119:33 - I shall keep Psalms 119:102 - for thou Proverbs 2:13 - leave Proverbs 15:31 - abideth Proverbs 21:16 - wandereth Son 1:7 - for Ezekiel 3:20 - When Ezekiel 18:24 - when Ezekiel 33:13 - if he Daniel 11:34 - cleave Matthew 7:25 - for Matthew 12:30 - that is Matthew 12:44 - he findeth Matthew 13:47 - and gathered Matthew 22:10 - both Matthew 25:2 - General Luke 2:35 - that Luke 6:49 - immediately Luke 22:32 - thy faith John 6:66 - of his John 8:31 - If John 10:5 - General John 13:21 - one John 15:6 - he John 17:12 - and Acts 2:42 - they Romans 11:22 - if thou Romans 16:17 - cause Galatians 1:7 - pervert Ephesians 4:14 - tossed Philippians 3:8 - doubtless 1 Timothy 1:19 - concerning 1 Timothy 5:15 - General 2 Timothy 2:18 - overthrow Hebrews 10:38 - but 1 Peter 4:7 - the end 2 Peter 2:1 - even Revelation 2:26 - keepeth 1 John 2:19 Went out from us signifies the antichrists were once associated with the true believers but apostatized from the faith. All this pertains to their outward movements only, for John says that they were not of us. Church workers are not mind readers, and if unconverted persons go through the motion of obedience to the Gospel there is no way to detect or avoid it. They obeyed the form of doctrine but not “ from the heart” (Romans 6:17). Such persons will wait until some pre­text appears when they will show their true sentiments by turning against the church and making many false accusations. It is true that John is writing directly about antichrists which means those who oppose Christ.

The principle is the same, for whoever opposes the church of Christ is an enemy of Him. At heart they are disbelievers in Christ but show their spite against Him by turning against his church. From us (ex hηmτn) — of us (ex hηmτn). The same idiom, ex and the ablative case (hηmτn), but in different senses to correspond with exηlthan (they went out from our membership) and ouk ηsan (they were not of us in spirit and life). For ex in the sense of origin see John 17:15, for ex in the sense of likeness, John 17:14. ——————————————————————————– For if they had been of us (ei gar ex hηmτn ηsan). Condition of second class with ei and imperfect tense (no aorist for eimi). ——————————————————————————– They would have continued (memenηkeisan an). Past perfect of menτ, to remain, without augment, with an in apodosis of second-class condition. ——————————————————————————– With us (meth’ hηmτn). In fellowship, for which see meta in 1 John 1:3.

They had lost the inner fellowship and then apparently voluntarily broke the outward. ——————————————————————————– But they went (all’). Ellipsis of the verb exηlthan above, a common habit (ellipse) in John s Gospel (John 1:8; John 9:3; John 13:18; John 15:25). ——————————————————————————– That they might be made manifest (hina phanerτthτsin). Purpose clause with hina and the first aorist passive subjunctive of phaneroτ, for which verb see John 21:1; Colossians 3:4. See 2 Corinthians 3:3 for the personal construction with hoti as here. ——————————————————————————– They all are not (ouk eisin pantes). Not just some, but all, as in 1 John 2:21; 1 John 3:5. These antichrists are thus revealed in their true light.

1 John 2:20

:20

1 John 2:201 John 2:20 καιG2532 AND υμειςG5210 YE “THE” χρισμαG5545 εχετεG2192 [G5719] HAVE αποG575 FROM τουG3588 THE αγιουG40 HOLY “ONE”, καιG2532 AND οιδατεG1492 [G5758] YE KNOW πανταG3956 ALL THINGS. ye have: 1 John 2:27, 1 John 4:13, Psalms 23:5, Psalms 45:7, Psalms 92:10, Isaiah 61:1, Luke 4:18, Acts 10:38, 2 Corinthians 1:21, 2 Corinthians 1:22, Hebrews 1:9 the Holy: Psalms 16:10, Psalms 71:22, Isaiah 43:3, Mark 1:24, Luke 4:34, Acts 3:14, Revelation 3:7, Revelation 4:8 and ye: Proverbs 28:5, John 10:4, John 10:5, John 14:26, John 16:13, 1 Corinthians 2:15, Hebrews 8:11 Exodus 28:41 - anoint them Exodus 30:26 - General Exodus 37:29 - he made Exodus 40:9 - the anointing oil Exodus 40:13 - anoint him Leviticus 2:1 - pour oil Leviticus 7:35 - portion Leviticus 14:15 - General Numbers 18:8 - by reason Judges 9:9 - wherewith Psalms 104:15 - oil to make his Psalms 119:33 - I shall keep Proverbs 9:9 - General Isaiah 10:27 - because Isaiah 30:21 - thine ears Isaiah 32:3 - General Isaiah 35:8 - the wayfaring Isaiah 54:13 - all Jeremiah 31:34 - for they Ezekiel 16:9 - anointed Matthew 13:21 - root Matthew 25:4 - oil Acts 2:27 - thine Romans 5:18 - all men 1 Corinthians 2:10 - by 1 Corinthians 2:12 - that 1 Corinthians 2:14 - neither Galatians 5:18 - if 1 Thessalonians 4:9 - ye need Revelation 3:18 - anoint 1 John 2:20 Unction is used figuratively from the ancient custom of pouring oil on the heads of those who were to act in the service of the Lord. In its spiri­tual sense it must refer to the enlightening that the Lord bestowed on the apostles, enabling them to impart the necessary information to the members of the body of Christ. Ye know all things means they know all that pertains to life and godliness (2 Peter 1:3). Anointing (chrisma). Old word for result (mat) and for the material, from chriτ, to anoint, perhaps suggested by the use of antichristoi in 1 John 2:18. Christians are “anointed ones,” christoi in this sense, with which compare Psalms 105:15 : “Touch not my anointed ones” (mη hapsηsthe tτn christτn mou). These antichrists posed as the equals of or even superior to Christ himself. But followers of Christ do have “the oil of anointing” (to elaion tou chrismatos, Exodus 29:7), the Holy Spirit. This word in the N.T. only here and 1 John 2:27.

Later the term was applied to baptism after baptismal remission came to be taught (Tertullian, etc.). ——————————————————————————– From the Holy One (apo tou hagiou). They receive this anointing of the Holy Spirit from the Anointed One, Jesus Christ (the Holy One). Cf. John 6:69; Acts 3:14. ——————————————————————————– And ye know all things (kai oidate panta). But the best MSS. read pantes rather than panta, “Ye all know it.” This anointing is open to all Christians, not just a select few.

1 John 2:21

:21

1 John 2:211 John 2:21 ουκG3756 εγραψαG1125 [G5656] I WROTE NOT υμινG5213 TO YOU οτιG3754 BECAUSE ουκG3756 οιδατεG1492 [G5758] YE KNOW NOT τηνG3588 THE αληθειανG225 TRUTH, αλλG235 BUT οτιG3754 BECAUSE οιδατεG1492 [G5758] YE KNOW αυτηνG846 IT, καιG2532 AND οτιG3754 THAT πανG3956 ANY ψευδοςG5579 LIE εκG1537 OF τηςG3588 THE αληθειαςG225 TRUTH ουκG3756 NOT εστινG2076 [G5748] IS. because ye know not: Proverbs 1:5, Proverbs 9:8, Proverbs 9:9, Romans 15:14, Romans 15:15, 2 Peter 1:12 1 Kings 17:24 - the word Psalms 119:118 - their deceit Proverbs 11:9 - through Isaiah 32:3 - General John 10:5 - General 1 John 2:12 - write 1 John 2:27 - and ye 1 John 5:13 - have I 2 John 1:1 - known Revelation 2:2 - thou hast 1 John 2:21. Not all inspired writing was done to give new information but also to supplement what had already been given See 2 Peter 1:12-13; and 2 Peter 3:1). Another that we must consider is that people who have already shown an interest in the truth are glad to have it repeated to them. No lie is of the truth. Anything that denies a truth is bound to be a lie, and John was particularly concerned about the truth of the divinity of Christ. I have not written (ouk egrapsa). Not epistolary aorist (1 John 2:14), but a reference to what he has just said. ——————————————————————————– And because no lie is of the truth (kai hoti pβn pseudos ek tηs alηtheias ouk estin). Not certain whether hoti here is causal (because) or declarative (that). Either makes sense. Note the idiomatic use of ek and pβn—ouk = ouden (no) as in 1 John 2:19.

1 John 2:22

:22

1 John 2:221 John 2:22 τιςG5101 WHO εστινG2076 [G5748] IS οG3588 THE ψευστηςG5583 LIAR ειG1487 μηG3361 BUT οG3588 HE THAT αρνουμενοςG720 [G5740] DENIES οτιG3754 THAT ιησουςG2424 ουκG3756 JESUS εστινG2076 [G5748] IS οG3588 THE χριστοςG5547 CHRIST? ουτοςG3778 HE εστινG2076 [G5748] IS οG3588 THE αντιχριστοςG500 οG3588 WHO αρνουμενοςG720 [G5740] DENIES τονG3588 THE πατεραG3962 FATHER καιG2532 AND τονG3588 THE υιονG5207 SON Who: 1 John 2:4, 1 John 1:6, 1 John 4:20, John 8:44, Revelation 3:9 he that: 1 John 2:23, 1 John 4:3, 1 Corinthians 12:2, 1 Corinthians 12:3, 2 John 1:7, Jude 1:4 He is: 1 John 2:18 Matthew 10:40 - and he that Matthew 16:20 - Jesus John 8:55 - shall 2 Timothy 2:12 - if we deny 1 John 5:1 - believeth 2 John 1:9 - abideth not Revelation 2:2 - thou hast Revelation 3:8 - and hast not Revelation 21:8 - and all 1 John 2:22 This verse is virtually the same as verse 18. (See 1 John 2:18) The liar (ho pseustηs). The liar (with the article) par excellence. Rhetorical question to sharpen the point made already about lying in 1 John 1:6; 1 John 1:10; 1 John 2:4; 1 John 2:21. See 1 John 5:5 for a like rhetorical question. ——————————————————————————– But (ei mη). Except, if not. ——————————————————————————– That denieth that Jesus is the Christ (ho arnoumenos hoti Iηsous ouk estin ho Christos). Common Greek idiom for ouk to appear after arneomai like redundant mη in Luke 20:27; Hebrews 12:19.

The old Latin retains non here as old English did (Shakespeare, Comedy of Errors IV. ii. 7, “He denied you had in him no right”). The Cerinthian Gnostics denied the identity of the man Jesus and Christ (an aeon, they held) like the modern Jesus or Christ controversy. ——————————————————————————– This is the antichrist (houtos estin ho antichristos). The one just mentioned, Cerinthus himself in particular. ——————————————————————————– Even he that denieth the Father and the Son (ho arnoumenos ton patera kai ton huion). This is the inevitable logic of such a rejection of the Son of God. Jesus had himself said this very same thing (John 5:23-24).

1 John 2:23

:23

1 John 2:231 John 2:23 παςG3956 οG3588 THAT αρνουμενοςG720 [G5740] DENIES τονG3588 THE υιονG5207 SON, ουδεG3761 NEITHER τονG3588 THE πατεραG3962 FATHER εχειG2192 [G5719] HAS HE. denieth: 1 John 2:22, 1 John 4:15, Matthew 11:27, Luke 10:22, John 5:23, John 8:19, John 10:30, John 14:9, John 14:10, John 15:23, John 15:24, 2 John 1:9-11 Job 31:28 - for Matthew 10:33 - deny me Matthew 10:40 - and he that Mark 8:38 - ashamed Luke 12:8 - Whosoever Luke 12:9 - shall John 1:34 - this John 14:6 - no John 20:31 - believing Colossians 3:17 - God 2 Timothy 2:12 - if we deny Titus 1:1 - the acknowledging 1 John 1:3 - our fellowship 1 John 5:1 - believeth 1 John 5:12 - that hath the 2 John 1:3 - the Son Revelation 3:8 - and hast not 1 John 2:23 God and Christ are two distinct persons but are one in divinity, hence to reject the one is the same as rejecting the other. The last half of this verse is not found in some copies of the Greek text and for such a reason as that, some translations leave it out. How­ever, it does not add anything that dis­agrees with the rest of the New Testa­ment, hence no harm is done by re­taining it at least to the extent of endorsing it. Hath not the Father (oude ton patera echei). “Not even does he have the Father” or God (2 John 1:9). ——————————————————————————– He that confesseth the Son (ho homologτn ton huion). Because the Son reveals the Father (John 1:18; John 14:9). Our only approach to the Father is by the Son (John 14:6). Confession of Christ before men is a prerequisite for confession by Christ before the Father (Matthew 10:32; Luke 12:8).

1 John 2:24

:24

1 John 2:241 John 2:24 υμειςG5210 YE ουνG3767 οG3739 WHAT ηκουσατεG191 [G5656] YE HEARD απG575 FROM αρχηςG746 “THE” , ενG1722 IN υμινG5213 YOU μενετωG3306 [G5720] LET IT ABIDE : εανG1437 IF ενG1722 IN υμινG5213 YOU μεινηG3306 [G5661] SHOULD ABIDE οG3739 WHAT απG575 FROM αρχηςG746 “THE” ηκουσατεG191 [G5656] YE HEARD, καιG2532 ALSO υμειςG5210 YE ενG1722 IN τωG3588 THE υιωG5207 SON καιG2532 AND ενG1722 IN τωG3588 THE πατριG3962 FATHER μενειτεG3306 [G5692] SHALL ABIDE. abide: Psalms 119:11, Proverbs 23:23, Luke 9:44, John 15:7, Colossians 3:16, Hebrews 2:1, Hebrews 3:14, 2 John 1:2, 3 John 1:3, Revelation 3:3, Revelation 3:11 which: 1 John 2:7, Luke 1:2, John 8:25, Philippians 4:15, 2 John 1:5, 2 John 1:6 ye also: 1 John 1:3, 1 John 1:7, 1 John 4:13, 1 John 4:16, John 14:23, John 15:9, John 15:10, John 17:21-24 Proverbs 3:21 - let John 8:31 - If John 14:1 - ye John 15:4 - Abide 1 Corinthians 13:13 - abideth 2 Corinthians 1:20 - all James 1:25 - and 1 John 5:12 - that hath the 1 John 5:20 - and we 2 John 1:3 - the Son 1 John 2:24 Heard from the beginning refers to the truth given to the world through Him who is “ from the begin­ning” (1 John 1:1). If this truth re­mains in us we will be in fellowship with both the Father and the Son. As for you (humeis). Emphatic proleptic position before the relative ho and subject of ηkousate, a familiar idiom in John 8:45; John 10:29, etc. Here for emphatic contrast with the antichrists. See 1 John 1:1 for ap’ archηs (from the beginning). ——————————————————————————– Let abide in you (en humin menetτ). Present active imperative of menτ, to remain. Do not be carried away by the new-fangled Gnostic teaching.

1 John 2:25

:25

1 John 2:251 John 2:25 καιG2532 AND αυτηG3778 THIS εστινG2076 [G5748] IS ηG3588 THE επαγγελιαG1860 PROMISE ηνG3739 WHICH αυτοςG846 HE επηγγειλατοG1861 [G5662] ημινG2254 τηνG3588 US, ζωηνG2222 τηνG3588 LIFE αιωνιονG166 ETERNAL. 1 John 1:2, 1 John 5:11-13, 1 John 5:20, Daniel 12:2, Luke 18:30, John 5:39, John 6:27, John 6:47, John 6:54, John 6:68, John 10:28, John 12:50, John 17:2, John 17:3, Romans 2:7, Romans 5:21, Romans 6:23, Galatians 6:8, 1 Timothy 1:16, 1 Timothy 6:12, 1 Timothy 6:19, Titus 1:2, Titus 3:7, Jude 1:21 Psalms 37:18 - their Psalms 133:3 - even life Matthew 19:16 - eternal Matthew 25:46 - the righteous Mark 10:17 - eternal Mark 10:30 - eternal John 3:15 - eternal John 6:40 - and believeth 2 Corinthians 1:20 - all 2 Corinthians 4:18 - for Galatians 3:22 - that Ephesians 3:6 - partakers 1 Timothy 4:8 - having 2 Timothy 1:1 - the promise Hebrews 6:12 - inherit Hebrews 9:15 - promise 1 Peter 5:10 - eternal 2 Peter 1:4 - are given 1 John 2:25. The reward for being in fellowship with God and his Son is not of a temporal nature; it is eternal life. That reward will be given to those who are faithful until death, since it will not come in this world but in the next which will be “ when earthly things have ceased to be.” And this is the promise (kai hautη estin hη epaggelia). See 1 John 1:5 for the same idiom with aggelia (message). This is the only instance of epaggelia in the Johannine writings. Here “the promise” is explained to be “the life eternal” (1 John 1:2). In Acts 1:4 the word is used for the coming of the Holy Spirit. ——————————————————————————– He promised (autos epηggeilato). First aorist middle indicative of epaggellτ. Autos (he) is Christ as is seen in 1 John 3:3 by ekeinos.

1 John 2:26

:26

1 John 2:261 John 2:26 ταυταG5023 THESE THINGS εγραψαG1125 [G5656] I WROTE υμινG5213 TO YOU περιG4012 τωνG3588 THOSE WHO πλανωντωνG4105 [G5723] LEAD ASTRAY υμαςG5209 YOU : concerning: 1 John 3:7, Proverbs 12:26, Ezekiel 13:10, Mark 13:22, Acts 20:29, Acts 20:30, 2 Corinthians 11:13-15, Colossians 2:8, Colossians 2:18, 1 Timothy 4:1, 2 Timothy 3:13, 2 Peter 2:1-3, 2 John 1:7 Deuteronomy 13:6 - entice Matthew 24:11 - General Galatians 1:7 - pervert Ephesians 4:14 - tossed Colossians 2:4 - lest 1 John 5:13 - have I 1 John 2:26 To seduce a person means to mislead him or cause him to stray from the truth. There were many de­ceivers in the world who were so ex­pert in their false reasoning that the uninformed were easy victims. For this reason the apostle was writing the warning information to the dis­ciples. Concerning them that would lead you astray (peri tτn planτntτn humas). “Concerning those that are trying to lead you astray” (conative use of the present active articular participle of planaτ. See 1 John 1:8 for this verb. John is doing his part to rescue the sheep from the wolves, as Paul did (Acts 20:29).

1 John 2:27

:27

1 John 2:1271 John 2:27 καιG2532 AND υμειςG5210 YOU τοG3588 THE χρισμαG5545 οG3739 WHICH ελαβετεG2983 [G5627] YE απG575 FROM αυτουG846 HIM, ενG1722 IN υμινG5213 YOU μενειG3306 [G5719] ABIDES, καιG2532 AND ουG3756 NOT χρειανG5532 NEED εχετεG2192 [G5719] YE HAVE ιναG2443 THAT τιςG5100 ANYONE διδασκηG1321 [G5725] SHOULD TEACH υμαςG5209 YOU; αλλG235 BUT ωςG5613 AS τοG3588 THE αυτοG846 SAME χρισμαG5545 διδασκειG1321 [G5719] TEACHES υμαςG5209 YOU περιG4012 παντωνG3956 ALL THINGS. καιG2532 AND αληθεςG227 TRUE εστινG2076 [G5748] IS, καιG2532 AND ουκG3756 εστινG2076 [G5748] IS NOT ψευδοςG5579 A LIE; καιG2532 AND καθωςG2531 EVEN AS εδιδαξενG1321 [G5656] IT TAUGHT υμαςG5209 YOU, μενειτεG3306 [G5692] YE SHALL ABIDE ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM. the anointing: 1 John 2:20, 1 John 3:24, John 4:14, 1 Peter 1:23, 2 John 1:2 and ye: 1 John 2:20, 1 John 2:21, Jeremiah 31:33, Jeremiah 31:34, John 14:26, John 16:13, Hebrews 8:10, Hebrews 8:11 but: 1 Corinthians 2:13, Ephesians 4:21, 1 Thessalonians 2:13, 1 Timothy 2:7, 2 Peter 1:16, 2 Peter 1:17 ye shall: 1 John 2:28, John 8:31, John 8:32, John 15:4-7, Colossians 2:6 him: or, it Exodus 28:41 - anoint them Exodus 29:7 - General Exodus 30:26 - General Exodus 37:29 - he made Exodus 40:13 - anoint him Leviticus 1:15 - wring off his head Leviticus 2:1 - pour oil Leviticus 7:35 - portion Leviticus 8:30 - the anointing Numbers 7:43 - mingled with oil Numbers 18:8 - by reason Deuteronomy 13:6 - entice Joshua 2:19 - whosoever 2 Samuel 7:3 - for the 1 Chronicles 16:22 - Touch Psalms 23:5 - thou anointest Psalms 25:5 - Lead Psalms 25:12 - him Psalms 105:15 - mine Psalms 119:12 - teach Psalms 119:33 - I shall keep Psalms 119:102 - for thou Psalms 143:10 - Teach Proverbs 3:21 - let Proverbs 11:9 - through Proverbs 28:5 - General Isaiah 10:27 - because Isaiah 30:21 - thine ears Isaiah 35:8 - the wayfaring Isaiah 54:13 - all Ezekiel 16:9 - anointed Matthew 13:11 - Because Matthew 25:4 - oil John 3:21 - that his John 14:17 - the Spirit John 15:7 - my Acts 11:26 - were 1 Corinthians 2:10 - by 1 Corinthians 2:12 - that 1 Corinthians 2:14 - neither 2 Corinthians 1:21 - anointed 2 Corinthians 9:1 - it is Ephesians 4:20 - General Colossians 1:23 - ye continue Colossians 3:16 - dwell Titus 2:12 - Teaching 1 John 2:5 - hereby 1 John 2:27. Anointing is from the same word as “ unction” in 1 John 2:20. Need not that any man should teach you. This means that no uninspired man should be depended upon for teaching on the great story of Christ. They had the enlightening that had come to them from Christ through the inspired teach­ers. With such divine guidance they were able to abide in him who is Christ. And as for you (kai humeis). Prolepsis again as in 1 John 2:24. ——————————————————————————– Which ye received of him (ho elabete ap’ autou). Second aorist active indicative of lambanτ, a definite experience, this anointing (chrisma), from Christ himself as in 1 John 2:20. This Paraclete was promised by Christ (John 14:26; John 16:13 ff.) and came on the great Pentecost, as they knew, and in the experience of all who yielded themselves to the Holy Spirit. ——————————————————————————– That any one teach you (hina tis didaskηi humas). Sub-final use of hina and the present active subjunctive of didaskτ, “that any one keep on teaching you.” ——————————————————————————– Teacheth you (didaskei humas). Present active indicative.

The Holy Spirit was to bring all things to their remembrance (John 14:26) and to bear witness concerning Christ (John 15:26; John 16:12-15). Yet they need to be reminded of what they already know to be “true” (alηthes) and “no lie” (ouk estin pseudos), according to John’s habit of positive and negative (1 John 1:5). So he exhorts them to “abide in him” (menete en autτi, imperative active, though same form as the indicative). Precisely so Jesus had urged that the disciples abide in him (John 15:4-5).

1 John 2:28

:28

1 John 2:281 John 2:28 καιG2532 AND νυνG3568 NOW, τεκνιαG5040 LITTLE , μενετεG3306 [G5720] ABIDE ενG1722 IN αυτωG846 HIM, ιναG2443 THAT οτανG3752 WHEN φανερωθηG5319 [G5686] HE BE εχωμενG2192 [G5725] YE MAY HAVE παρρησιανG3954 , καιG2532 AND μηG3361 NOT αισχυνθωμενG153 [G5686] BE PUT TO SHAME απG575 αυτουG846 FROM BEFORE HIM ενG1722 AT τηG3588 παρουσιαG3952 αυτουG846 HIS COMING. little: 1 John 2:1 when: 1 John 3:2, Mark 8:38, Colossians 3:4, 1 Timothy 6:14, 2 Timothy 4:8, Titus 2:13, Hebrews 9:28, 1 Peter 1:7, 1 Peter 5:4, Revelation 1:7 have: 1 John 3:21, 1 John 4:17, Isaiah 25:9, Isaiah 45:17, Romans 9:33 at his: Malachi 3:2, Malachi 4:5, 1 Corinthians 1:7, 1 Corinthians 15:23, 1 Thessalonians 3:13, 1 Thessalonians 5:23, 2 Peter 3:4-12 Joshua 2:19 - whosoever Job 11:15 - lift up Job 14:15 - shalt call Psalms 62:8 - Trust Psalms 119:6 - shall I Psalms 119:31 - put me Psalms 119:46 - will not Psalms 119:80 - that I be Joe 2:26 - and my Luke 1:17 - to make Luke 6:48 - the flood Luke 12:9 - shall Luke 21:36 - stand John 1:13 - of God John 15:9 - continue Acts 11:23 - and exhorted Acts 13:43 - persuaded Romans 6:21 - whereof 1 Corinthians 11:26 - till Philippians 1:20 - in nothing 1 Thessalonians 2:19 - in 2 Timothy 4:1 - at 1 John 2:5 - hereby 1 John 2:6 - he 1 John 2:27 - ye shall 1 John 3:6 - abideth 1 John 2:28 Little children is general and is the same endearing term that John uses in the beginning of the chapter. With the advantage of spiritual enlightenment the disciples are exhorted to abide in him. This means more than merely being in Christ at times but it should be always. No man knows when Jesus is coming hence it is important always to be in His favor. In that case the disciple will not be taken unawares and be made ashamed, but will be confidently looking for Him. And now (kai nun). John tenderly repeats the exhortation, “keep on abiding in him.” ——————————————————————————– If he shall be manifested (ean phanerτthηi). Condition of third class with ean and first aorist passive subjunctive as in 1 John 2:19; Colossians 3:3. A clear reference to the second coming of Christ which may be at any time. ——————————————————————————– That we have boldness (hina schτmen parrηsian). Purpose clause with hina and the ingressive second aorist active subjunctive of echτ, “that we may get boldness.” ——————————————————————————– And not be ashamed (kai mη aischunthτmen). Likewise negative purpose (after John’s fashion) with mη and the first aorist passive subjunctive of aischunτ, to put to shame. ——————————————————————————– Before him (ap’ autou). “From him,” as if shrinking away from Christ in guilty surprise. See 2 Thessalonians 1:9 for this use of apo (from the face of the Lord).

1 John 2:29

:29

1 John 2:291 John 2:29 εανG1437 IF ειδητεG1492 [G5762] YE KNOW οτιG3754 THAT δικαιοςG1342 εστινG2076 [G5748] HE IS, γινωσκετεG1097 [G5719] YE KNOW οτιG3754 THAT παςG3956 οG3588 WHO ποιωνG4160 [G5723] τηνG3588 δικαιοσυνηνG1343 εξG1537 OF αυτουG846 HIM γεγεννηταιG1080 [G5769] HAS BEEN . he is: 1 John 2:1, 1 John 3:5, Zechariah 9:9, Acts 3:14, Acts 22:14, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Hebrews 1:8, Hebrews 1:9, Hebrews 7:2, Hebrews 7:26, 1 Peter 3:18 ye know: or, know ye that every: 1 John 3:7, 1 John 3:10, Jeremiah 13:23, Matthew 7:16-18, Acts 10:35, Titus 2:12-14 is born: 1 John 3:9, 1 John 4:7, 1 John 5:1, John 1:13, John 3:3-5, James 1:18, 1 Peter 1:3, 1 Peter 1:23, 2 Peter 1:4 Psalms 15:2 - worketh Psalms 53:3 - none Psalms 112:4 - righteous Psalms 119:17 - I may live Proverbs 12:28 - General Proverbs 21:8 - but Ezekiel 14:20 - by Ezekiel 18:5 - if Ezekiel 18:9 - is just Luke 1:6 - walking Luke 6:47 - doeth Luke 8:21 - which John 3:5 - and of Joh 3:8 - so Romans 2:13 - For not Ephesians 5:9 - righteousness 1 Peter 2:24 - live 1 John 5:18 - whosoever 3 John 1:11 - He that doeth good 1 John 2:29 The Lord is righteous and hence can beget righteous offspring only. The exhortation is for the dis­ciples to honor their family reputation by being righteous. If ye know (ean eidηte). Third-class condition again with ean and second perfect active subjunctive of oida. If ye know by intuitive or absolute knowledge that Christ (because of 1 John 2:28) is righteous, then “ye know” or “know ye” (ginτskete either indicative or imperative) by experimental knowledge (so ginτskτ means in contrast with oida). ——————————————————————————– Is begotten (gegennηtai). Perfect passive indicative of gennaτ, stands begotten, the second birth (regeneration) of John 3:3-8. ——————————————————————————– Of him (ex autou). Plainly “of God” in 1 John 2:9 and so apparently here in spite of dikaios referring to Christ. Doing righteousness is proof of the new birth.