The Numerals

The Numerals
§ 35. The numeral one is an adj., having the usual place and concord (§ 30). 1 Samuel 2:34 ‏בְּיוֹם אֶחָד‎ in one day, 1 Kings 18:23 ‏הַפָּר הָֽאֶחָד‎ the one ox, Genesis 11:6 ‏שָׂפָה אַחַת‎ one speech, Genesis 32:9 ‏הַמַּֽחְַנֶה הָֽאַחַת‎ the one camp. Genesis 11:1.
Rem. 1. In later style one sometimes precedes its noun, Nehemiah 4:17, Daniel 8:13, Numbers 31:28, Son_4:9.
Rem. 2. It is also construed nominally, followed (a) by gen., Genesis 22:2 ‏אַחִד הֶֽהָרִים‎ one of the mountains, 2 Samuel 2:1, Job 2:10; (b) by prep. ‏מן‎, Genesis 3:22 ‏אַחַד מִמֶּנּוּ‎ one of us, Genesis 2:21. The short form usual in this case (Leviticus 13:2, Numbers 16:15, 1 Samuel 9:3, 1 Kings 19:2; 1 Kings 22:13, 2 Kings 6:12; 2 Kings 9:1, &c.; cf. otherwise 1 Samuel 16:18; 1 Samuel 26:22, 2 Samuel 2:21, &c.) might be cons. before prep. (§ 28, R. 1), but in some cases at least it must be a form of abs., Genesis 48:22, 2 Samuel 17:22, Isaiah 27:12, Zechariah 11:7. (c) It is itself governed in gen. by its noun (§ 32, R. 5), Leviticus 24:22, Leviticus 24:2 K. 12, 10, Isaiah 36:9. (d) With prep. ‏מן‎ before it, it is a strong any; Leviticus 4:2 ‏מֵֽאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה‎ any of these things, Leviticus 5:13, Deuteronomy 15:7, Ezekiel 18:10 (text obscure). So in Ar. after a neg.
§ 36. The Numerals 2-10 are nouns, being followed by the thing enumerated either in Appos. (permutative, § 29), or in the gen. (explicative, § 24). Or, chiefly in later style, the thing may precede and the Num. follow in Appos. The thing enumerated is plur.
(a) With indef. nouns or expressions (cons. with indef. gen.) the Num. is mostly abs. and the noun in Appos. Genesis 29:34 ‏שְׁלשָׁה בָנִים‎ three sons. Genesis 24:10 ‏עְַשָׂרָה גְמַלִּים‎ ten camels. 1 Kings 3:16 ‏שְׁתַּיִם נָשִׁים‎ two women. Deuteronomy 19:2 ‏שָׁלוֹשׁ עָרִים‎ three cities. Deuteronomy 31:10 ‏שֶׁבַע שָׁנִים‎ seven years. There are exceptions, 2 Kings 5:22; and in the case of two the cons. is more common than abs. even before indef. noun. There are also two general exceptions—(1) With ‏יָמִים‎ days the cons. is usual; Judges 19:4 ‏שְׁלשֶׁת ימים‎ three days. Deuteronomy 5:13; Deuteronomy 16:4, Deuteronomy 16:8, Deuteronomy 16:13, but cf. 2 Kings 2:17. (2) So before other Num. 1 Samuel 25:2 ‏שְׁלשֶׁת אְַלָפִים‎ three thousand. Joshua 8:12 ‏חְַמֵשֶׁת אלפים‎ thousand. 1 K. 5:30 ‏שְׁלשׁ מֵאוֹת‎ three hundred, Judges 4:13.—Joshua 1:11; Joshua 2:16; Joshua 3:2; Joshua 6:3; Joshua 7:3; Joshua 8:12, Judges 3:29; Judges 4:6; Judges 15:11, 1 Samuel 26:2. Cf. Rem. 1.
(b) With noun determined by Art. or def. gen. the Num. is mostly in cons. with gen. of noun. Deuteronomy 10:4 ‏עְַשֶׂרֶת הַדְּבָרִים‎ the ten words. Joshua 10:16 ‏חְַמֵשֶׁת הַמְּלָכִים‎ the five kings. Judges 3:3 ‏חְַמֵשֶׁת סַרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים‎ the five lords of the Ph. 1 Samuel 16:10 ‏שִׁבְעַת בָּנָיו‎ his seven sons. Genesis 40:12, Genesis 40:18, Numbers 23:4, Judges 14:12; Judges 18:7, 1 Samuel 17:13 (1 Samuel 20:20?), 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Samuel 23:16, 1 Kings 21:13, 2 Kings 25:18. There are exceptions, cf. 1 Samuel 17:14. Cases like Amos 1:3, Amos 1:6, Amos 1:9, &c., are according to § 20, R. 2.
(c) The Num. may follow the noun in Appos.—mostly in later style. 1 Chronicles 12:39 ‏יָמִים שְׁלוֹשָׁה‎ three days. Daniel 1:12. 1 Chronicles 22:14; 1 Chronicles 25:5, 2 Chronicles 3:12; 2 Chronicles 4:8, Nehemiah 2:11, Daniel 1:5, Daniel 1:15, Ezra 8:15, cf. Joshua 21:1-45 pass. Ex. in earlier books are comparatively rare, Genesis 32:14, Genesis 32:16. In 1 Samuel 1:24 rd. ‏בְּפַר מְשֻׁלָּשׁ‎.
Rem. 1. Additional ex. of a. Genesis 30:20; Genesis 45:23; Genesis 47:2, Deuteronomy 16:9, Deuteronomy 16:16; Deuteronomy 17:6, Joshua 6:4, Judges 9:34; Judges 16:8, 1 Samuel 1:8; 1 Samuel 25:5, 2 Samuel 21:6; 2 Samuel 21:1; 1 Kings 7:4; 1 Kings 7:30; 1 Kings 10:19; 1 Kings 17:12; 1 Kings 18:23; 1 Kings 21:10, 2 Kings 2:24, Jeremiah 2:13. There are exceptions, 1 Kings 11:16.
Rem. 2. The position of the Num. before the noun is almost exclusive in earlier writings, and is common at all times. This is true of all Num., whether units or higher numbers. The position after the noun occurs in Kings, is not unusual in P., and becomes very usual in Chr., Ezr., Neh., Dan., &c.
Rem. 3. The gend. is sometimes inexact. Genesis 7:13 (due to mas. form of noun), cf. Exodus 26:26; Job 1:4, Ezekiel 7:2, Zechariah 3:9, 1 Chronicles 3:20, Ezekiel 45:3 Kth.—The noun is sometimes sing. after units in the case of words used collectively, 2 Kings 8:17; 2 Kings 22:1 (year), 2 Kings 25:17 (cubit), Exodus 22:1 (‏בקר‎, ‏צאן‎), cf. Genesis 46:27; and in cases where the thing weighed or measured is omitted (§ 37, R. 4). Genesis 24:22, Judges 17:10, 1 Samuel 10:4; 1 Samuel 17:17; 1 Samuel 21:4, Exodus 16:22. In Ezekiel 45:1 rd., breadth twenty thousand.
Rem. 4. The Numbers 2:1-34, Numbers 3:1-51, Numbers 4:1-49, Numbers 7:1-89 may take suffixes, as ‏שְׁנֵינוּ‎ we two, both of us, ‏שְׁלָשְׁתָּם‎ they three, &c. Numbers 12:4, Numbers 12:1 S. 25, 43, 2 Samuel 21:9, Ezekiel 1:8, Daniel 1:17, cf. 2 Kings 1:10 his fifty.—The order is to be observed: Genesis 9:19 ‏שְׁלשָׁה אֵלֶּה‎ these three, 1 Kings 3:18 ‏שְׁתַּיִם אְַנַחְנוּ‎ we two. Genesis 22:23, Deuteronomy 19:9, 1 Samuel 20:42. So gen. Exodus 21:11, 2 Samuel 21:22, Isaiah 47:1-15, Isaiah 9:1-21.
Rem. 5. The language says two three, &c. (without or), as Engl. 2 Kings 9:32, Isaiah 17:6, Amos 4:8.
§ 37. Numerals above the units mostly have the noun in plur. (except collectives and words of time, measure, and weight). They stand in Appos., and mainly precede their noun—but may follow (chiefly in later style). When they follow, the noun is plur., even though otherwise employed in sing.
(a) The Numbers 11:1-35; Numbers 12:1-16; Numbers 13:1-33; Numbers 14:1-45; Numbers 15:1-41; Numbers 16:1-50; Numbers 17:1-13; Numbers 18:1-32; Numbers 19:1-22. Genesis 37:9 ‏אַחַד עָשָׂר כּוֹכָבִים‎ eleven stars. 2 Samuel 9:10 ‏חְַמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר בָּנִים‎ fifteen sons. Joshua 4:8 ‏שְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה אְַבָנִים‎ twelve stones. Genesis 32:22; Genesis 42:13, Exodus 15:27; Exodus 24:4, Deuteronomy 1:23, Judges 3:14, 2 Samuel 2:30; 2 Samuel 9:10; 2 Samuel 19:18, 1 Kings 18:31, 2 Kings 14:21. Exodus 27:15, Numbers 16:49; Numbers 29:14-15, Joshua 15:41.
(b) The tens, 20-90. Judges 12:14 ‏אַרְבָּעִים בָּנִים‎ forty sons. Genesis 18:24 ‏חְַמִשִּׁים צַדִּיקִם‎ fifty righteous. Exceptional order, Genesis 32:14; Genesis 32:16 ‏אְַתֹנֹת עֶשְׂרִים‎ twenty she-asses, &c. Genesis 18:26, Genesis 18:28, Exodus 15:27; Exodus 21:32, Judges 1:7; Judges 8:30; Judges 10:4; Judges 12:14; Judges 14:11-13, 2 Samuel 3:20; 2 Samuel 9:10, 2 Kings 2:16; 2 Kings 10:1; 2 Kings 13:7; 2 Kings 15:1-38, 2 Kings 20:1-21, Ezekiel 42:2; Ezekiel 45:12.
(c) Numbers composed of tens and units, e.g. 23, are treated as a single number twenty-and-three; and as they stand in Appos. the unit remains in the Ads. (cases like 2 Kings 2:24 are exceptional). The gend. of the unit is, of course, determined by the noun: Judges 10:2 ‏עֶשְׂרִים וְשָׁלשׁ שָׁנָה‎ 23 years. The order three-and-twenty also occurs—chiefly in later style. It also belongs to later style to separate the elements of the Num., repeating the noun with each, as twenty year and three years, or the reverse order (mainly with the word year).
Judges 7:3 ‏עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁנַיִם אֶלֶף‎ 22 thousand (cf. Rem. 1). Numbers 7:88 ‏ע׳ וְאַרְבָּעָה פָּרִים‎ 24 oxen. Numbers 35:6, Joshua 19:30; Joshua 21:39, Judges 10:3; Judges 20:15, Judges 20:35, Judges 20:46, 2 Kings 10:14, Ezekiel 11:1, 1 Chronicles 2:22; 1 Chronicles 12:29.—Genesis 11:24, Exodus 38:24, Numbers 3:39, Numbers 3:43; Numbers 26:22; Numbers 31:38, Judges 20:21.—Genesis 5:15; Genesis 12:4; Genesis 23:1; Genesis 25:7. Cf. Genesis 5:1-32 pass., Genesis 11:13-25. Leviticus 12:4-5 (repet. of days), cf. Numbers 31:32 seq. (thousand).
(d) The usage is the same with ‏מֵאָה‎ hundred, ‏מָאתַיִם‎, ‏מֵאוֹת‎ (all in abs.; cons. ‏מְאַת‎ in later style); and ‏אֶלֶף‎ thousand, ‏אַלְפַּיִם‎, ‏אֲלָפִים‎ (cons. ‏אַלְפֵי‎ occasional, Exodus 32:28, Job 1:3). 1 Kings 18:4 ‏מֵאָה נְבִיאִם‎ 100 prophets. Judges 15:4 ‏שְׁלֽשׁ־מֵאוֹת שֽׁוּעָלִים‎ 300 foxes. 1 Kings 3:4 ‏אֶלֶף עֹלוֹת‎ 1000 burnt-offerings. 2 Kings 3:4 ‏מֵאָה אֶלֶף אֵילִים‎ 100,000 rams (Rem. 1). 2 Kings 18:23 ‏אַלְפַּיִם סוּסִים‎ 2000 horses. Ex. of hundred: Judges 7:22, 1 Samuel 17:7; 1 Samuel 18:25; 1 Samuel 25:18; 1 Samuel 30:21, 2 Samuel 3:14; 2 Samuel 8:4; 2 Samuel 14:26; 2 Samuel 16:1, 1 Kings 7:20; 1 Kings 10:17; 1 Kings 11:3, Joshua 7:21. Ex. of thousand: 1 Samuel 13:5; 1 Samuel 17:5, 1 Kings 4:26, Job 42:12.
(e) While, however, the Numbers 11:1-35 and upward are construed with plur., except with collectives and words of time, weight, and measure, there is a natural tendency in enumerations to regard the thing enumerated as forming a class or genus, and to use the sing.; cf. § 17. Exodus 24:4, Judges 21:12, 2 Samuel 8:4; 2 Samuel 23:8, 1 Kings 4:32; 1 Kings 9:14, 2 Kings 24:14. Comp. 1 Kings 10:16 with 17, and 2 Kings 2:16 with 17; Exodus 26:19 with Exodus 36:24. The sing. is chiefly used with things which one is accustomed to count; the sing. king, 1 Kings 20:1, 1 Kings 20:16, is unusual. Rem. 1.
(f) When the expression is def. the Art. usually goes with the noun, and the Num. is def. of itself. Judges 7:7 ‏שְׁלשׁ מֵאוֹת הָאִישׁ‎ the 300 men (Rem. 1). Judges 17:3 ‏את־אֶלֶף וּמֵאָה הַכֶּסֶף‎ the 1100 (shekels) of silver. 1 Samuel 30:21 ‏מָאתַיִם הָֽאֲנָשִׁים‎ the 200 men. Genesis 18:28, Deuteronomy 9:25, Joshua 4:20, Judges 7:22; Judges 18:17, 1 Kings 7:44, 2 Chronicles 25:9, Exodus 26:19; Exodus 36:24.
Rem. 1. Words used in sing. in the cases a-d are ‏יוֹם‎ days, ‏שָׁנָה‎ years, ‏אִישׁ‎ men (esp. of troops), ‏אֶלֶף‎ thousands, ‏אַמָּה‎ cubits (often pl.), ‏כֹּר‎, ‏בַּת‎ (measures), ‏כִּכָּר‎ talents (also pl.), ‏גֵּרָה‎, ‏שֶׁקֶל‎ (oftenest pl.) &c.; and collect. as ‏רַגְלִי‎ infantry, ‏רֶכֶב‎ chariots, ‏נפשׁ‎ persons, ‏בקר‎ cattle, ‏צאן‎ sheep. Usage fluctuates; cf. § 17.—Adj. and words in Appos. may agree grammatically in sing. 1 S. 22, 18, 1 Kings 20:16, or ad sensum in pl. Judges 18:16, 1 Kings 1:5.
Rem. 2. In eleven the forms ‏ע׳ עֶשְׂרֵה‎, ‏עַשְׁתֵּי עָשָׂר‎ occur Deuteronomy 1:3, Jeremiah 1:3; Jeremiah 39:2, Ezekiel 26:1, but chiefly belong to later style. In twelve the forms ‏שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה‎, ‏שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר‎ are usual, the cons. ‏שְׁנֵי‎ &c., comparatively rare.
Rem. 3. The form twenty-and-three (in c) is the older order and the one usual at all times, i.e. the larger number first and the two joined by and. The same order is usual when there are higher numbers, thus: hundreds and tens and units; thousands and hundreds and tens, &c. It is characteristic of later style (occasionally in Kings) to put the smaller number first or omit the and. Cf. Ezra 2:1-70 or Nehemiah 7:1-73 pass., Numbers 4:36, 1 Kings 10:14. The repet. 20 year and 3 years or reverse order is almost peculiar to P.
Rem. 4. Words readily understood in expressions of weight, measure, or date are often omitted, as shekel, ephah, day, Genesis 24:22 ‏עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב‎ ten (shekels) gold, Rth_3:15 ‏שֵׁשׁ שְׂעֹרִים‎ six (ephahs) of barley, Genesis 20:16; Genesis 45:22, 1 Samuel 10:3-4; 1 Samuel 17:17, 1 Kings 10:16. On om. of day, § 38c. The consn. Exodus 26:2 ‏ארבע בָּֽאַמָּה‎ four by the cubit, four cubits, is common in later style. Ezekiel 40:5, Zechariah 5:2, 1 Chronicles 11:23.
Rem. 5. Numerals as independent nouns may take the Art. Genesis 18:29 ‏הָֽאַרְבָּעִים‎ the forty. 2 Kings 1:13 ‏הַֽחֲמִשִּׁים הַשְּׁלִישִׁי‎ the third fifty; 2 Kings 1:14 the former (pl.) fifties; with suff. 2 Kings 1:10. Genesis 14:9, Numbers 3:46, Deuteronomy 19:9, 2 Samuel 23:18 seq. In most other cases the Num. is without Art., though there are exceptions. Joshua 4:4 ‏שְׁנֵים הֶֽעָשָׂר אישׁ‎ the twelve men, Numbers 16:35, Exodus 28:10.
Rem. 6. After eleven and upwards the sing. noun, particularly of material or commodity, is probably in acc. of specification. § 71.
§ 38. The Ordinals.—(a) The ordinals first—tenth are adj. and used regularly (Gr. § 48:2). Judges 19:5 ‏בַּיּוֹם הָֽרְבִיעִי‎ on the fourth day. 2 Kings 18:9 ‏בַּשָּׁנָה הָֽרְבִיעִית‎. So always in stating the number of the month (cf. c), 1 Chronicles 27:2-13.
(b) From eleventh upwards the Card. numbers do duty for ordinals, and Art. is not generally used with the noun. Deuteronomy 1:3 ‏בְּאַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה‎ in the fortieth year. 2 Kings 25:27 ‏בִּשְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֺדֶשׁ‎ in the twelfth month. Exodus 16:1, Deuteronomy 1:2-3, 2 Kings 25:27, Jeremiah 25:3, 1 Chronicles 24:12-18; 1 Chronicles 25:18-31.
(c) In stating dates there are some peculiarities. 1. The gen. "of the month" is circumscribed by prep., ‏לַחֺדֶשׁ‎, and day is often omitted. Exodus 16:1 ‏בַּֽחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר יוֹם לַחֺדֶשׁ‎ on the fifteenth day of the month. 2 Kings 25:27 ‏בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְשִׁבְעָה לַחֺדֶשׁ‎ on the 27th of the month. Even the Card. 1-10 are greatly used in this case, mostly with om. of day. 2 Kings 25:8 ‏בְּשִׁבְעָה לַחֺדֶשׁ‎ on the seventh. Deuteronomy 1:3 ‏בְּאֶחָד לַחֺדֶשׁ‎ on the first. Genesis 8:5, Leviticus 23:32, Ezekiel 1:1, Zechariah 7:1, cf. 2 Chronicles 29:17, Ezra 3:6.
2. The word year is very often put in cons. before the whole phrase, Num. and year. 2 Kings 8:25 ‏בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה‎ in the year of twelve years (the twelfth year), 1 Kings 16:8, 1 Kings 16:15, 1 Kings 16:29, 2 Kings 8:25; 2 Kings 14:23; 2 Kings 15:13, 2 Kings 15:17, 2 Kings 15:23, 2 Kings 15:27; 2 Kings 25:8. And with year understood: 1 Kings 15:25, 1 Kings 15:28 ‏בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם‎ the year of two years (second year). 1 Kings 16:10; 1 Kings 22:41, 2 Kings 3:1; 2 Kings 15:30, 2 Kings 15:32; 2 Kings 18:10; 2 Kings 24:12, Zechariah 7:1, Ezra 5:13, Nehemiah 1:1, Daniel 1:21; Daniel 2:1.
Rem. 1. The adj. ‏אחד‎ one is very often used for first, Genesis 2:11 seq.; Genesis 4:19, Exodus 1:15, Numbers 11:26, 2 Samuel 4:2, Rth_1:4.
Rem. 2. The word year is also construed with gen. of the def. Ordinal. 2 Kings 17:6 ‏בִּשְׁנַת הַתְּשִׁיעִית‎ in the year of the ninth year. 2 Kings 25:1, Jeremiah 32:1, Ezra 7:8, Nehemiah 2:1; Nehemiah 5:14.—In c the form ‏בֶּֽעָשׂוֹר לַחֹדֶשׁ‎ is used for on the tenth of the m. (spelling plenary except Exodus 12:3).
Rem. 3. The Art. seems used with the Num. in cases where the whole expression is def., as Leviticus 25:1-55, Leviticus 10:1-20, Leviticus 11:1-47 the fiftieth year (of jubilee), Deuteronomy 15:9 the seventh year (of manumission), 1 Kings 19:19; but occasionally in other cases, Exodus 12:18, Nu 33, 38, 1 Kings 6:38, 1 Chronicles 24:16; 1 Chronicles 25:19; 1 Chronicles 27:15. Its place varies, 1 Kings 19:19 ‏שְׁנֵים הֶֽעָשָׂר‎ with 1 Chronicles 25:19 ‏הַשּׁנים עשׂר‎.
Rem. 4. Distributives.— (a) These may be expressed by Card. with ‏ל‎ to: 1 Kings 10:22 ‏אחת לְשָׁלשׁ שׁנים‎ once to = every three years. Exodus 16:22, 1 Kings 4:22, Ezekiel 1:6. (b) By repeating the Num. Genesis 7:2-3, Genesis 7:9, Genesis 7:15, Exodus 17:12, 1 Kings 18:13, Ezekiel 40:10. § 29, R. 8. Very often the whole phrase is repeated, Isaiah 6:2 six wings, six wings to each, Joshua 3:12, Numbers 13:2; Numbers 34:18, Exodus 36:30.
Rem. 5. Multiplicatives are expressed variously.—Thus: as much as you, they, &c., by ‏כָּכֶם‎, ‏כָּהֵם‎, 2 Samuel 24:3, Jeremiah 36:32, Deuteronomy 1:11.—double by ‏מִשְׁנֶה‎, used in Appos. either before or after the noun, Genesis 43:12 (after), 15 (before), Exodus 16:5, Exodus 16:22. Also by ‏שְׁנַיִם‎, Exodus 22:4, Exodus 22:6, Exodus 22:8, twofold.—By the du. fem. of Num., as 2 Samuel 12:6 ‏אַרְבַּעְתַּיִם‎ fourfold. Genesis 4:15 ‏שִׁבְעָתַיִם‎ sevenfold. Isaiah 30:26, Psalms 12:6. Or by simple Card. Leviticus 26:21, Leviticus 26:24, cf. Genesis 4:24.—By ‏יָדוֹת‎ (hands), Genesis 43:34 fivefold, Daniel 1:20 tenfold. Comp. Genesis 26:12 ‏מאה שְׁעָרִים‎ a hundredfold. Times is expressed by ‏פַּעַם‎ (beat). Genesis 2:23 ‏הַפַּעַם‎ this time. Joshua 6:3 ‏פ׳ אַחַת‎ one time. Nehemiah 13:20 ‏פ׳ וּשְׁתַּיִם‎ once or twice. Genesis 27:36; Genesis 43:10 ‏פַּֽעֲמַיִם‎ two times. Exodus 23:17 ‏שָׁלשׁ פְּעָמִים‎ three times, &c. Genesis 33:3, Numbers 14:22, 2 Kings 13:19, Job 19:3, Nehemiah 4:12.—2 Samuel 24:3 ‏מאה פעמים‎ 100 times. Deuteronomy 1:11 ‏אלף פעמים‎ 1000 times, 1 Kings 22:16.—The word time may be omitted. 2 Kings 6:10 ‏אַחַת‎, ‏שְׁתַּיִם‎ once, twice. 1 Kings 10:22, Job 40:5. Also ‏בְּאחת‎, ‏בִּשְׁתים‎ 1 Samuel 18:21, Job 33:14, Numbers 10:4. With similar omission, ‏שֵׁנִית‎ a second time, Genesis 41:5, Isaiah 11:11; ‏שְׁלִישִׁת‎ a third time, 1 Samuel 3:8, a seventh time 1 Kings 18:44.—Other words for times are ‏רְגָלִים‎ Exodus 23:14, Numbers 22:28, Numbers 22:32-33; and ‏מֹנִים‎ Genesis 31:7.
Rem. 6. Fractions.— Apart from ‏חֲצִי‎ half, 1 Kings 16:21, &c., fractions are formed: (a) by separate words, as ‏רֹבַע‎ a fourth, Numbers 23:10, 2 Kings 6:25; ‏חֹמֶשׁ‎ a fifth, Genesis 47:26. The analogy has not been followed in other cases (cf. Ar. tholth a third). The form ‏רֶבַע‎ also, 1 Samuel 9:8. For a tenth ‏עִשָּׂרוֹן‎ (pl. ‏עֶשְׂ׳‎), peculiar to P. The tithe is ‏מַֽעֲשֵׂר‎ (b) By the fem. of Ordin. as ‏שְׁלִשִׁית‎ a third, 2 Samuel 18:2, 2 Kings 11:5, Ezekiel 5:2, Ezekiel 5:12; ‏רְבִעִית‎ a fourth, Numbers 16:39, Nehemiah 9:3. So the others, Genesis 47:24, Leviticus 5:11, Leviticus 5:16, Ezekiel 4:11; Ezekiel 45:13. Above tenth the Card. must be used, Nehemiah 5:11, the one per cent. The noun of measure, weight, &c., usually has the Art. after the fraction, Exodus 26:16, Numbers 16:39; Numbers 28:14, 1 Kings 7:31-32, 2 Kings 6:25, Ezekiel 45:13; Ezekiel 46:14.
Obs.—In prose composition these general rules may be safely followed. 1. Place all numerals before their noun. 2. The units take their noun in pl.; before an indef. noun they are in the abs., except two; before a def. noun in cons.; also in cons. before the word days and before other numerals. 3. The Numbers 11:1-35; Numbers 12:1-16; Numbers 13:1-33; Numbers 14:1-45; Numbers 15:1-41; Numbers 16:1-50; Numbers 17:1-13; Numbers 18:1-32; Numbers 19:1-22 have fixed forms (Gr. § 48), but the second form of 11 and 12 may be neglected. 4. The Numbers 11:1-35 and upwards take their noun in pl., except collectives, and words of time, weight, and measure, though usage is not uniform, § 37, R. Ezekiel 1:5. Compound numbers like 23 form one number twenty-and-three (in this order), the unit in abs., but its gender regulated by the noun. So in greater numbers the largest first, and each class joined by and, as 6000 and 300 and 50 and four. 6. The rules for Ordinals, § 38.